Chapter two Review Game Mapping of Our World

What feature on a map shows the ratio of map distance to actual distance on Earth? Map Scale

What type of map shows changes in elevation on Earth’s surface? Topographic map

What technology is used to map sea floor features? Sonar and/or Topex Poseidon satellite.

What is the disadvantage of the Mercator projection? It distorts the size of the land masses near the poles Example: Greenland is drawn way too big

What is the reference point for lines of latitude? The Equator (0 degrees Lat)

What is the reference point for lines of longitude? The Prim Meridian (0 degrees longitude)

What is the distance of one degree of latitude? 69 miles or 111 Km

What is the indication of a depression on a map? Hatchured contour lines

What is the term for map making? Cartography

What is the location of the international date line? 180 degrees Longitude (Pacific Ocean)

Which lines run north and south and measure east and west? Longitude

Which lines run east and west but measure north and south? Latitude

What is the location of the prime meridian? 0 degrees Longitude (runs through Greenwich England)

What is the location of the equator? 0 degrees Latitude

What is a contour interval? The difference in elevation the lines are counting by.

79 m (one less than the next contour line would be) If you have 4 concentric circles (like tree rings) and the out side circle is at sea level and there is a 20 m contour interval what could be the height of a bench mark on the inside of the inner most circle? 79 m (one less than the next contour line would be)

The apparent altitude of Polaris is equal to what? The observers latitude

On average which are bigger, the parallels or meridians? The meridians (they all form great circles)

How many time zones are there in the US? 6 (including Alaska and Hawaii)

What type of line connects areas of equal elevation? Contour lines

Which type of map shows you parallel lines of longitude? Mercator

Where do lines of longitude intersect? At the poles

Lines that bisect the Earth in half What are great circles? Lines that bisect the Earth in half (All connecting lines of Longitude and the equator)

Which map is useful for plotting long trips by air or sea? Gnomonic Projections

Which map is useful for navigating short trips by car such as using a GPS? Conic projections

What is an index contour? A contour line with the value on it

What is a map legend? A key that describes map symbols

What is the term for collecting data about Earth far above Earth’s surface? Remote sensing

How fast does light travel in a vacuum? 186,000 miles/s

What type of radiation is light apart of? Electromagnetic

1 : 100,000 is which type of scale? Fractional scale

A statement on a map that tells you about the scale is which type of scale? Verbal scale

What is the term for the number of waves that pass by a particular point each second? Frequency

Which type of scale shows you a line that measures distance of the map compared to real life? Graphic Scale

Which satellite creates images of the ocean floor? Topex Poseidon

What does GPS stand for? Global positioning system

Why would a ship appear to sink when heading off in the distance? The Earths surface is curved

What is the name of the Earth’s shape? Oblate spheriod

At sea level which location would be closest to the center of the Earth (more gravity and weight)? The poles

Where on Earth would you weigh the least? The Equator

What is the equatorial circumference of the Earth? About 25,000 miles or 40,000 Km (24,901miles or 40,075 Km)

What could you measure with a straw, protractor and string? The altitude of a star

How can you find Polaris using the big dipper? The end two stars of the cup point to Polaris (which is the end star of the little dippers handle)

The altitude increases As an observer travels northward, what happens to the altitude of Polaris? The altitude increases

What happens to your view of Polaris as you travel South passed the equator? You can no longer see it.

The contour lines bend upstream How can you tell the direction of flow of a river using the contour lines shape? The contour lines bend upstream

What is the formula for gradient? Gradient = Change in field value Distance

What is the formula for percent error? (The absolute value of the numerator) % Error = Accepted value – estimate X 100 Accepted value

What is the percent error for a student that calculates a rocks mass to be 4 grams when the actual value is 5 grams? 20%

The contour lines are closet together From looking at a contour map, how do you know which side of the mountain is the steepest? The contour lines are closet together

How many minutes in a degree? 60’

How many minutes in half of a degree? 30’

What coordinate is said first, latitude or longitude? Latitude (north or south)

What are the coordinates of Albany? 42 degrees 40’ North and 73 degrees 50’ West

What are the coordinates of Elmira? 42 degrees 5’ North and 76 degrees 50’ West

What are the coordinates of Ithaca? 42 degrees 20’ North and 76 degrees 30’ West

What are the coordinates of Niagara Falls? 43 degrees 5’ North and 79 degrees West

What are the coordinates of Plattsburgh? 44 degrees 35’ North and 73 degrees 25’ West

What are the coordinates of Mt Marcy? 44 degrees 5’ North and 73 degrees 58’ West

What is the name of the geologic period at the coordinates of 42 degrees North and 77 degrees West? Devonian

What is the name of the geologic period at the coordinates of 43 degrees North and 78 degrees West? Silurian

What is the name of the geologic period at the coordinates of 43 degrees 30’ North and 76 degrees West? Ordovician

What is the name of the geologic period at the coordinates of 44 degrees North and 75 degrees West? Middle Proterozoic

What is the name of the geologic period at the coordinates of 44 degrees North and 74 degrees West? Middle Proterozoic

How old is the rock at the coordinates of 42 degrees North and 75 degrees West? 359-416 million years

How old is the rock at the coordinates of 43 degrees North and 77 degrees West? 416-444 million years

How old is the rock at the coordinates of 44 degrees North and 75 degrees West? 1300 million years

How old is the rock at the coordinates of 44 degrees North and 76 degrees West? 444-488 million years

65.5-146 million years for the Cretaceous and How old is the rock at the coordinates of 40 degrees and 50 minutes North and 73 degrees West? 65.5-146 million years for the Cretaceous and 0.01-1.8 million years for the Pleistocene