INFECTION PREVENTION AND AWARENESS BEFORE STARTING YOUR PRACTICUM EXPERIENCE Title Here Subtitle Here

Infection Prevention & Control: Joining Knowledge and Practice An Interactive Educational Program for Students

Protecting yourself and the patient is the priority! HAND HYGIENE Before & After Using PPE Protecting yourself and the patient is the priority!

3 Types of Transmission Based Precautions For patients that may have illness that is spread through means other than contact with blood/OPIM (other potentially infectious materials) Three types & common examples (See Isolation Policy- Appendix A [Intranet] and Isolation Kit on unit) AIRBORNE: TB, Varicella (Chicken Pox) Herpes Zoster (shingles), Measles, SARS, Smallpox DROPLET: Influenza, Rubella, Meningitis caused by N. Meningitidis, Pneumonia from Mycoplasma, Adenovirus CONTACT: MDROs (MRSA, VRE, MRGNRs) Clostridium difficile, Lice, profuse diarrhea, copious wound drainage that cannot be contained View the following signs used at Crittenton PROTECTIVE Isolation for immunocompromised patients; not because of patient infection

Informational flyers are available in Reference Text in CHIPS Informational flyers are available in Reference Text in CHIPS. Please print and give to patients with the following infections/procedures and document the patient education: Patient education for Blood Stream Infection Patient education for Urinary Tract Infection Patient education for C. difficile Patient education for MRSA Patient education for Surgical Site Infection Patient education for Ventilator Associated Pneumonia On Reference Tab (inside Reference Text Browser), search for one of the above, and click here Print for patient

PREVENT HEALTHCARE ASSOCIATED INFECTIONS PATIENT EDUCATION & BEST PRACTICES

Tuberculosis Awareness Bacteria spread through the AIRBORNE ROUTE – cough, sneeze, singing, talking Can cause infrection (germ in body) that may or may not lead to TB disease Symptoms include chronic cough (generally longer than 3 weeks), fever, hemoptysis, weight loss, night sweats, weakness Patients put into Airborne Isolation: Special Negative pressure rooms (20) HCW wears N-95 respirator (3M regular or small) Students DO NOT enter an Airborne Isolation room. You have not been fit tested for a N-95 Respirator. You have been screened for TB and have had a negative Mantoux skin test to participate in the Practicum Program.

Tuberculosis (TB) Who is at risk for TB? Persons with weakened immune systems and HIV Elderly People that have traveled to countries with a high incidence of TB How do we care for suspected TB Patients? Patients with known/suspected TB disease are placed in a negative pressure room If the patient must leave their room they MUST wear a clean surgical mask Visitors for this patient will be provided with a surgical mask How do we prevent TB exposure? Doctors and other health care workers who provide care for patients with TB, must follow infection control procedures to ensure that TB infection is not passed from one person to another. Every hospital has infection control guidance which takes into account local facilities, environment, and resources, as well as the numbers of people at risk. However, infection control guidance is not only written but also implemented here at Crittenton. When evaluating patients we always protect patients, family members, and associates by utilizing the highest infection control precautions until there has been a rule out or confirmed diagnosis of TB.

CHICKEN POX: Varicella Staff do not need N95 or mask *Patient wears regular mask

HEAD LICE Parasitic wingless insects

Scabies is a contagious skin disease caused by a species of parasitic mite that is very small. Causes Scabies is found worldwide among people of all groups and ages. It is spread by direct contact with infected people and less often by sharing clothing or bedding. Eggs mature in 21 days. The itchy rash is an allergic response to the mite. Symptoms Itching, especially at night, Rashes Sores (abrasions) on the skin from scratching and digging, Thin, pencil-mark lines on skin Concerns Outbreaks in healthcare facilities and the community Scabies Life Cycle Ringworm Cause Ringworm is a skin infection caused by a fungus. Symptoms Ringworm can affect skin on your body (tinea corporis), scalp (tinea capitis), groin area (tinea cruris), or feet (tinea pedis, also called athlete's foot) Red, itchy, scaly, or raised patches on skin. Ringworm

What is MRSA? Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection is an infection by staph bacteria that's become resistant to many of the antibiotics used to treat ordinary staph infections. Because you can acquire MRSA anywhere, in the hospital or in the community, different strains of MRSA occur in different setting. Risk factors for Hospital Acquired -MRSA Being hospitalized. MRSA remains a concern in hospitals, where it can attack those most vulnerable — older adults and people with weakened immune systems. Having an invasive medical device. Medical tubing — such as intravenous lines or urinary catheters — can provide a pathway for MRSA to travel into your body. Residing in a long-term care facility. MRSA is prevalent in nursing homes. Carriers of MRSA have the ability to spread it, even if they're not sick themselves. Risk factors for Community Aquired-MRSA Participating in contact sports. MRSA can spread easily through cuts and abrasions and skin- to-skin contact. Living in crowded or unsanitary conditions. Outbreaks of MRSA have occurred in military training camps, child care centers and jails.

Prevention & Treatment of MRSA Preventing Hospital Acquired-MRSA In the hospital, people who are infected or colonized with MRSA often are placed in contact precautions as a measure to prevent the spread of MRSA. Visitors and health care workers caring for people in isolation may be required to wear protective garments and must follow strict hand hygiene procedures. Contaminated surfaces and laundry items should be properly disinfected. Preventing Community Acquired-MRSA Wash your hands. Careful hand washing remains your best defense against germs. Scrub hands briskly for at least 15 seconds, then dry them with a disposable towel and use another towel to turn off the faucet. Carry a small bottle of hand sanitizer containing at least 62 percent alcohol for times when you don't have access to soap and water. Keep wounds covered. Keep cuts and abrasions clean and covered with sterile, dry bandages until they heal. The pus from infected sores may contain MRSA, and keeping wounds covered will help prevent the bacteria from spreading. Keep personal items personal. Avoid sharing personal items such as towels, sheets, razors, clothing and athletic equipment. MRSA spreads on contaminated objects as well as through direct contact. Shower after athletic games or practices. Shower immediately after each game or practice. Use soap and water. Don't share towels. Sanitize linens. If you have a cut or sore, wash towels and bed linens in a washing machine set to the hottest water setting (with added bleach, if possible) and dry them in a hot dryer. Wash gym and athletic clothes after each wearing. Treatment Both health care-associated and community-associated strains of MRSA still respond to certain antibiotics. In some cases, antibiotics may not be necessary.