Welcome to the crime and punishment module Hwk: Make sure you have a folder with plastic wallets. You may buy one from me for £1

Welcome to the crime and punishment module As a starter discuss these questions with your partner and write down some provisional responses: 1. Is crime becoming more violent? 2. Should punishments be harsher or easier? 3. Does prison make a difference? 4. Should we send criminals to prison for longer? 5. Should we bring back capital punishment?

C D D C C B D

Overview 1000 years of change and continuity in crime and punishment. Crime and Punishment: An overview Overview 1000 years of change and continuity in crime and punishment. Look for different themes we will study. Learn the different time periods we will be studying. Look for patterns and trends over the 1000 years.

Who are the following famous people? When did they live?

Middle Ages Industrial period Early Modern Twentieth century What order do they go in? Can you remember the names we give to time periods over the last thousand years?

Which famous person lived in which time period? Middle Ages Early Modern Industrial period Twentieth century

Middle Ages AD1000-1500 Early Modern AD1500-1700 Industrial period Can you remember the years of each period. Middle Ages AD1000-1500 Early Modern AD1500-1700 Industrial period AD1700-1900 Twentieth century AD1900-2000 This gives us a chronological framework to work with in our history of crime and punishment… Now copy these into your book.

The age of the Black Death Sometimes historians give different names to the same time periods. Ever heard of the following? Which of our time periods do they fit into? The Victorians The Tudors The Stuarts The Normans The Saxons The era of World Wars The Georgians The 19th century The age of the Black Death Middle Ages AD1000-1500 Early Modern AD1500-1700 Industrial period AD1700-1900 Twentieth century AD1900-2000

Based on what you know from KS3 when was the best time to have been a criminal?

Based on what you know from KS3 when was the best time to have been a criminal?

There are four major time periods you will be studying over the next term. You will have to focus on each of the three aspects listed below for each of the time periods. This triangle is important because it shows the link between what people thought about ctime and how they tried to enforce the laws and punish criminals. Ideas about the causes and threat from crime are very important because they influence the methods used to enforce the law and punish criminals.

You will have 15 minutes to study the following information sheets and make notes. You must then look to create a new “big picture” revision guide for anyone wanting to studying this module using the three subheadings in the triangle.

Crime and punishment through the ages: MEDIEVAL Have they mentioned… Yes Des/ex Petty theft most common (Violent crimes minority) Most serious challenging King’s authority No police force – sheriffs and constables Hue and Cry Tithings Local Juries Trial by ordeal Royal judges Wergilds Increased death penalty No prisons EARLY MODERN Have they mentioned… Yes Des/ex Petty theft most common Religious changes by Henry (heresy and witchcraft) Vagabonds Pamphlets and broadsheets (crime down) Thief takers Court system improved Savage punishments INDUSTRIAL Have they mentioned… Yes Des/ex Rise in crime (population) Urbanisation (opportunity) Petty crime (less worried about heresy, more about highway) Metropolitan police (professional) Reform Criminal types (appearance) Increase in prisons TWENTIETH Have they mentioned… Yes Des/ex Big increase up to 1995 (new tech) Race and Drug crime Finger prints 1901 DNA x Radios and Cars speed Neighbourhood watch Fines Open prisons and young offenders Tagging Abolition of death penalty Crime and punishment through the ages:

Petty theft most common MEDIEVAL Have they mentioned… Yes Des/ex Petty theft most common Violent crimes minority Most serious challenging King’s authority No police force – sheriffs and constables Hue and Cry Tithings Local Juries Trial by ordeal Royal judges Wergilds Increased death penalty No prisons EARLY MODERN Have they mentioned… Yes Des/ex Petty theft most common Religious changes by Henry (heresy and witchcraft) Vagabonds Pamphlets and broadsheets (crime down) Thief takers Court system improved Savage punishments INDUSTRIAL Have they mentioned… Yes Des/ex Rise in crime (population) Urbanisation (opportunity) Petty crime (less worried about heresy, more about highway) Metropolitan police (professional) Reform Criminal types (appearance) Increase in prisons TWENTIETH Have they mentioned… Yes Des/ex Big increase up to 1995 (new tech) Race and Drug crime Finger prints 1901 DNA x Radios and Cars speed Neighbourhood watch Fines Open prisons and young offenders Tagging Abolition of death penalty

Petty theft most common MEDIEVAL Have they mentioned… Yes Des/ex Petty theft most common Violent crimes minority Most serious challenging King’s authority No police force – sheriffs and constables Hue and Cry Tithings Local Juries Trial by ordeal Royal judges Wergilds Increased death penalty No prisons EARLY MODERN Have they mentioned… Yes Des/ex Petty theft most common Religious changes by Henry (heresy and witchcraft) Vagabonds Pamphlets and broadsheets (crime down) Thief takers Court system improved Savage punishments INDUSTRIAL Have they mentioned… Yes Des/ex Rise in crime (population) Urbanisation (opportunity) Petty crime (less worried about heresy, more about highway) Metropolitan police (professional) Reform Criminal types (appearance) Increase in prisons TWENTIETH Have they mentioned… Yes Des/ex Big increase up to 1995 (new tech) Race and Drug crime Finger prints 1901 DNA x Radios and Cars speed Neighbourhood watch Fines Open prisons and young offenders Tagging Abolition of death penalty MEDIEVAL Have they mentioned… Yes Des/ex Petty theft most common Violent crimes minority Most serious challenging King’s authority No police force – sheriffs and constables Hue and Cry Tithings Local Juries Trial by ordeal Royal judges Wergilds Increased death penalty No prisons EARLY MODERN Have they mentioned… Yes Des/ex Petty theft most common Religious changes by Henry (heresy and witchcraft) Vagabonds Pamphlets and broadsheets (crime down) Thief takers Court system improved Savage punishments INDUSTRIAL Have they mentioned… Yes Des/ex Rise in crime (population) Urbanisation (opportunity) Petty crime (less worried about heresy, more about highway) Metropolitan police (professional) Reform Criminal types (appearance) Increase in prisons TWENTIETH Have they mentioned… Yes Des/ex Big increase up to 1995 (new tech) Race and Drug crime Finger prints 1901 DNA x Radios and Cars speed Neighbourhood watch Fines Open prisons and young offenders Tagging Abolition of death penalty

Why do you think most people think crime is worse than it actually is?

Do these headlines give you a clue? Teenager stabbed to death in park Customs officials seize drugs worth millions Foreign criminal gang sell people’s bank details over the internet Footballer’s house burgled again!

Attitudes / values / beliefs We often think that crime is worse than it is because we are influenced by certain factors. For example: The media Attitudes / values / beliefs

In our thousand year study of crime and punishment factors are hugely important in explaining when and why things changed or stayed the same. There are 8 important factors that affect what happens in the history of crime and punishment for over a thousand years so it is worth remembering them!

The media Wealth and poverty Church and religion Individuals Travel and technology Urbanisation Attitudes / beliefs / values The media Church and religion Individuals Government / lawmakers

Let’s start thinking about how these factors are influential by looking at the history of capital punishments (executions). But before we do, how much can you remember about the chronology of the course?

What were the names we gave to our 4 main time periods? Middle Ages Industrial period Early Modern Twentieth century What were the names we gave to our 4 main time periods?

Middle Ages AD1000-1500 Early Modern AD1500-1700 Industrial period Can you remember the dates of each period. Middle Ages AD1000-1500 Early Modern AD1500-1700 Industrial period AD1700-1900 Twentieth century AD1900-2000 Read the capital crimes case studies. What time periods do they belong in? Now copy these into your book.

REMEMBER, SOME FACTORS WILL INFLUENCE MORE THAN ONE CASE STUDY! Take each case study in turn and decide which factor card helped to influence it. If you think a factor influenced a case study, EXPLAIN how then place the factor next to it. REMEMBER, SOME FACTORS WILL INFLUENCE MORE THAN ONE CASE STUDY!

The media Wealth and poverty Travel and technology Individuals Attitudes / beliefs / values Wealth and poverty Urbanisation Travel and technology Government / lawmakers Individuals Church and religion

From what you know so far, which factor do you think did the most to influence capital punishments?