Matter Subtitle

Scientific Phenomena Why is the sky blue? What scientific phenomena we talk about today causes this?

Warm up – August 21, 2017 What is matter?

Monday, August 21, 2017 LT: Students will classify matter using structure and function of the materials Notes on structure and properties of matter Types of mixture INB Homework ch 15 questions due Wednesday, august 23

Matter INB Table of content Left side Page # Right side TOC 1 Types of mixture foldables 2 Notes on composition of matter 3 Question: What are the two types of pure substances?

Composition of Matter Matter is any thing that has mass and takes up space (volume). Examples: air, book, water, etc. All matter is made of atoms Matter can be made of a pure substance or a mixture of substances.

Pure Substances Pure substance is a type off matter with a fixed composition. Pure substance can be either an element or a compound Examples: Elements: helium, aluminum, Compounds: water and salt

Element is a substance in which all the atoms are the same. About 90 elements are found on Earth More than 20 others have been made in laboratories and are very unstable.

Compound is a substance with two or more elements that are combined in a fixed proportion Compounds are chemically bonded and can not be physically separated. Compounds are new substances and have different properties then the elements that form the new substance. Example: Table salt (sodium chloride) Sodium & water NaCl

Mixtures Mixture is made of two or more different elements or compounds that physically combine. Mixture is NOT a pure substance Substances within a mixture can be physically separated. Substances in a mixture retain their individual properties. Example: salt water, air, soil

Types of mixtures Heterogeneous mixture a mixture in which different materials can be identified easily. Mixture is NOT uniform, materials are unevenly mixed. Example: pizza granite, salad

Homogeneous mixture a mixture that contains two or more substances blended evenly throughout. Mixture is uniform, can not see the different substances. Examples: soda, vinegar, cake batter Solution is a homogeneous mixture of particles so small that they cannot be seen with a microscope and that will never settle to the bottom of their container.

Colloid a type of mixture with particles that are larger than those in solutions but not heavy enough to settle out. Examples: milk, paint, fog, smoke Solutions vs colloid Tyndall effect the scattering of light by particles in a colloid.

Suspension a heterogeneous mixture containing solid particles in a liquid which will settle out over time. Example: Italian dressing, muddy water, dust in air

Comparing and contrasting types of mixtures Description Solutions Colloids Suspensions Settle upon standing No Yes Separate using filter paper? Particle size 0.1 – 1 nm 1 – 100 nm >100 nm Scatter light

INB foldable

Warm up – august 22, 2017 Create a concept map using the following vocabulary terms: Matter, substance, mixture, compound, element, heterogeneous, homogeneous, solution, colloids, suspension. Include description of each term within the concept map.

Has mass and takes up space Matter Has mass and takes up space Substance Composition definite Element One kind of atom Compound Two or more kinds of atoms Mixture Composition variable Suspension Scatters light and settles out Colloid Scatters light Homogenous (Solution) Evenly mixed Heterogeneous Unevenly mixed

Tuesday, august 22, 2017 LT: Student will classify everyday items as elements, compounds and mixtures and construct explanations for their classifications Check foldable Classify and construct explanation for your selection Homework Chapter 15 questions due tomorrow

Warm up – august 23, 2017 Give 3 examples of an element, compound and mixture and explain your examples.

Wednesday, august 23, 2017 LT: Students will identify substances using physical properties as well as understand the difference between chemical and physical changes Turn in chapter 15 questions Notes on Properties and changes of matter Properties and changes INB Quiz on Friday – Classification of matter

Matter INB Table of content Left side Page # Right side TOC 1 Types of mixture foldables 2 Notes on composition of matter 3 Properties and changes foldable Notes on properties and changes of matter 5 Question: What is the law of conservation of mass?

Properties and changes of matter Physical property a feature or characteristic that describes an object or substance. Describing Appearance – color, shape, state of matter measurement – volume, temperature, density, length Describing behavior Magnetic, viscosity Separate materials Magnetism and filtration (sifting)

Example: melting, boiling, freezing, evaporating Physical change a change in size, shape, or state of matter. Identity of substance remains the same Example: melting, boiling, freezing, evaporating Separating with physical change Distillation is the process of separating substances in a mixture by evaporating a liquid and recondensing it vapor Separating substances based on boiling point

Chemical property a characteristic of a substance that indicates whether it can undergo a certain chemical change. Example: flammability, toxicity, corrosive

Chemical change of one substance to another. Detecting a chemical change Release of energy in the form of heat, light, sound Endothermic absorption of energy in form of heat (object will feel cold) Exothermic release of energy in form of heat (object will feel warm) Gas being released and precipitate forming

Conservation of mass Law of conservation of mass: the mass of all substances that are present before a chemical change equals the mass of all the substances that remain after the change. Mass remains constant

Matter Properties and Changes INB