Opening Day for Cincinnati Reds 1869

But don’t forget about The Tribe! 1915

Ch. 14.4 People of the South

Eli Whitney’s Cotton Gin, 1791 Actually invented by a slave!

Southern Agriculture p. 391-93 1. 2. Slavery was the heart or “engine” of the Southern economy White society was complex & based upon land and slave ownership Southern Agriculture p. 391-93 Wives were often left in charge of plantations while husband traveled on business Large plantations had a goal to make profit – self sufficient

Wealth & Power Southern population

Southern Society (1850) “Plantation owners” ~ 4% had 20 + slaves The “Plain Folk” [white rural farmers] & Tenant farmers Free Africans Enslaved Africans ~ 4 million Total US Population  23,000,000 [9,250,000 in the South = 40%]

The Population of the South Slaveholding Whites Nonslaveholding Whites Enslaved Africans Free Africans less than 10 % Large plantation owners were few (~4%) Were the majority of whites - yeomen about half of south most worked on large plantations Worked under cruel conditions Domestic servants skilled craftsmen Factory hands day laborers City slaves had more freedoms Many lived in cities Worked small farms - a few acres Had 20 + slaves no rights Tenant farmers Larger plantations were 1000s of acres few jobs threat of capture & sold into slavery Some owned a few slaves

Southern Agriculture

Southern Population

Slaves Picking Cotton on a Mississippi Plantation

Slaves Using the Cotton Gin

Changes in Cotton Production 1820 1860

Value of Cotton Exports As % of All US Exports

“Hauling the Whole Week’s Pickings” William Henry Brown, 1842

Slaves Working in a Sugar-Boiling House, 1823

The South's "Peculiar Institution“ Slavery

Slave Auction Notice, 1823

Slave Auction: Charleston, SC-1856

Slave Devices Slave Master Brands Slave muzzle

Anti-Slave Pamphlet

Slave Devices Slave leg irons Slave tag, SC Slave shoes

Southern Plantation Life

Slave-Owning Population (1850)

Slave-Owning Families (1850)

Slaves posing in front of their cabin on a Southern plantation.

Tara – Plantation Reality or Myth? Hollywood’s Version?

A Real Georgia Plantation

Scarlet and Mammie (Hollywood Again!)

A Real Mammie & Her Charge

The Southern “Belle”

The Ledger of John White Matilda Selby, 9, $400.00 sold to Mr. Covington, St. Louis, $425.00 Brooks Selby, 19, $750.00 Left at Home – Crazy Fred McAfee, 22, $800.00 Sold to Pepidal, Donaldsonville, $1200.00 Howard Barnett, 25, $750.00 Ranaway. Sold out of jail, $540.00 Harriett Barnett, 17, $550.00 Sold to Davenport and Jones, Lafourche, $900.00

Southern Slavery-> Unique 1780s: 1st antislavery society created in Phila. By 1804: slavery eliminated from last northern state. 1807: the legal termination of the slave trade, enforced by the Royal Navy. 1820s: newly indep. Republics of Central & So. America declared their slaves free. 1833: slavery abolished throughout the British Empire. 1844: slavery abolished in the Frencg colonies. 1861: the serfs of Russia were emancipated.

A Slave Family

Slavery Was Less Efficient in the U. S. than Elsewhere High cost of keeping slaves from escaping. GOAL  raise the “exit cost.” Slave patrols. Southern Black Codes. Cut off a toe or a foot.

America, The Story of Us 7:36 – 11:44 & 20:06 – 24:30 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UiJhJ-8JX2Q

Today, Complete Ch.14.4 handout & “Draw and Write” activity Complete Quizlet Review on Ch.14.3 & 14.4 OR quietly Read Ch.14.4 Class discussion Ch.14.4 View America, Story of Us

Slave Resistance & Uprisings

Slave Resistance Playing the happy, go lucky, silly character Refusal to work hard. Isolated acts of sabotage. Escape via the Underground Railroad.

Runaway Slave Ads

Quilt Patterns as Secret Messages The Monkey Wrench pattern, on the left, alerted escapees to gather up tools and prepare to flee; the Drunkard Path design, on the right, warned escapees not to follow a straight route.

Slave Rebellions Throughout the Americas

Slave Rebellions in the Antebellum South Gabriel Prosser 1800 1822

The Underground Railroad p. 396

Frederick Douglas

Slave Rebellions in the South: Nat Turner, 1831

Nat Turner’s Rebellion Nat Turner & 70 followers killed 55 whites in Virginia Turner & followers captured and put to death aftermath resulted white southerners killing over 200 blacks harsh laws were passed restricting slaves & free blacks anti-slavery ideas (abolition) were suppressed What conclusion can you make about Southern Slavery Based on what you learned about the rebellion?

The Culture of Slavery Black Christianity [Baptists or Methodists]: * more emotional worship services. * negro spirituals. “Pidgin” or Gullah languages. Nuclear family with extended kin links, where possible. Importance of music in their lives. [esp. spirituals].

Southern Pro-Slavery Propaganda

America, The Story of Us 24:30 – 29:30 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UiJhJ-8JX2Q