IPO GLV Throttling Mechanism with Inherent Reverse Flow Checking Mercedes Valve 3.0 IPO GLV Throttling Mechanism with Inherent Reverse Flow Checking Bellaire Research Mercedes Valve 3.0 Bellaire.Research@gmail.com

Valve Overview (prior developments) Mercedes Valve Variable Aperture IPO Gas Lift Valve (Bellaire Research, Patent Pending) Valve Overview (prior developments) Injection Pressure Operated (IPO) Gas Lift Valve utilizing Bellaire Research’s Variable Aperture Flow Control Mechanism. Designed for continuous injection (operating valve), but may also be utilized as unloading valve. Theoretical and tested Production Pressure Effect Factor (PPEF) of ZERO (inherent through a pressure balanced throttling mechanism). Variable port aperture provides infinite flow turndown. Fluid flow path provides excellent erosion resistance and stable throttling (no chattering down to and including fully closed). Bellaire Research Mercedes Valve 3.0 Bellaire.Research@gmail.com

Inherent Reverse Flow Checking Mercedes Valve Variable Aperture IPO Gas Lift Valve (Bellaire Research, Patent Pending) Inherent Reverse Flow Checking “Drop-In” flow control mechanism available for 1” wireline retrievable IPO GLVs. Reverse Flow Checking functionality inherent in the throttling mechanism (eliminating the need for a check valve/dart). Check dart can remain in the valve as a redundant check, or can be removed from the valve assembly. With the check dart removed, the valve has unique erosion resistance characteristics. injection fluid flows radially inward and impinges upon itself then exists axially, unobstructed by any valve components Bellaire Research Mercedes Valve 3.0 Bellaire.Research@gmail.com

Mercedes Valve Variable Aperture IPO Gas Lift Valve (Bellaire Research, Patent Pending) Bellaire.Research@gmail.com

Fluid impinges on itself Mercedes Valve Variable Aperture IPO Gas Lift Valve (Bellaire Research, Patent Pending) Fluid impinges on itself Spring positioned in boundary layer of fluid flow path Spring-in-hole for stability (no twisting) Mercedes Valve 3.0 Bellaire Research Bellaire.Research@gmail.com

Sealing surfaces protected from erosion Mercedes Valve Variable Aperture IPO Gas Lift Valve (Bellaire Research, Patent Pending) Sealing surfaces protected from erosion Mercedes Valve 3.0 Bellaire Research Bellaire.Research@gmail.com

Thank You! Bellaire Research Mercedes Valve 3.0 Bellaire.Research@gmail.com

Back-up Slides Bellaire Research Mercedes Valve 3.0 Bellaire.Research@gmail.com

Mercedes Valve 3.0 Bellaire Research Bellaire.Research@gmail.com

Mercedes Valve 3.0 Bellaire Research Bellaire.Research@gmail.com

Mercedes Valve 3.0 Bellaire Research Bellaire.Research@gmail.com

Mercedes Valve 3.0 Bellaire Research Bellaire.Research@gmail.com

Mercedes Valve 3.0 Bellaire Research Bellaire.Research@gmail.com

Flow Stabilization for Continuous Injection IPO Gas Lift Valves By going from fully open to throttling as the flow increases the flow profile “bends” from the Orifice profile towards the Venturi profile, and gas injection stability is greatly enhanced. In order to understand how a minor restriction in the inlet ports cause a significant change in flow profile, we will look at the Mercedes valve design. ALRDC 2016 Inventor’s Seminar Variable Aperture Flow Control Mechanism for Gas Lift Valves Bellaire Research Mercedes IPO GLV Bellaire.Research@gmail.com Babette Well Unloading GLV

ALRDC 2016 Inventor’s Seminar Mercedes Valve Variable Aperture IPS Gas Lift Valve (Bellaire Research, Patent Pending) When fully open, the valve flow capacity follows that of any fixed aperture device (Orifice or Venturi), where max (choked) capacity is proportional to the absolute inlet pressure. However, when the pressure is reduced and the bellows begin to throttle the valve, very little pressure change is required to change flow. ALRDC 2016 Inventor’s Seminar Variable Aperture Flow Control Mechanism for Gas Lift Valves Bellaire Research Mercedes IPO GLV Bellaire.Research@gmail.com Babette Well Unloading GLV

ALRDC 2016 Inventor’s Seminar Mercedes Valve Variable Aperture IPS Gas Lift Valve (Bellaire Research, Patent Pending) For a Design upstream pressure and flow, a fixed aperture device (Orifice or Venturi) can be sized to provide the same capacity as a Mercedes Valve. In this case 4 mmscfd at about 1000 psig. ALRDC 2016 Inventor’s Seminar Variable Aperture Flow Control Mechanism for Gas Lift Valves Bellaire Research Mercedes IPO GLV Bellaire.Research@gmail.com Babette Well Unloading GLV

ALRDC 2016 Inventor’s Seminar Mercedes Valve Variable Aperture IPS Gas Lift Valve (Bellaire Research, Patent Pending) The Mercedes Valve only requires a 10 psi increase in inlet pressure to increase the flow to 5 mmscfd (a 25% increase). ALRDC 2016 Inventor’s Seminar Variable Aperture Flow Control Mechanism for Gas Lift Valves Bellaire Research Mercedes IPO GLV Bellaire.Research@gmail.com Babette Well Unloading GLV

ALRDC 2016 Inventor’s Seminar Mercedes Valve Variable Aperture IPS Gas Lift Valve (Bellaire Research, Patent Pending) An Orifice or Venturi valve would require a 250 psi increase in inlet pressure to supply the same flow increase. ALRDC 2016 Inventor’s Seminar Variable Aperture Flow Control Mechanism for Gas Lift Valves Bellaire Research Mercedes IPO GLV Bellaire.Research@gmail.com Babette Well Unloading GLV

ALRDC 2016 Inventor’s Seminar Mercedes Valve Variable Aperture IPS Gas Lift Valve (Bellaire Research, Patent Pending) The Mercedes Valve only requires a 30 psi reduction in inlet pressure to reduce the flow to 2 mmscfd (a 50% reduction). ALRDC 2016 Inventor’s Seminar Variable Aperture Flow Control Mechanism for Gas Lift Valves Bellaire Research Mercedes IPO GLV Bellaire.Research@gmail.com Babette Well Unloading GLV

ALRDC 2016 Inventor’s Seminar Mercedes Valve Variable Aperture IPS Gas Lift Valve (Bellaire Research, Patent Pending) An Orifice or Venturi valve would require a 500 psi decrease in inlet pressure to produce the same flow decrease. ALRDC 2016 Inventor’s Seminar Variable Aperture Flow Control Mechanism for Gas Lift Valves Bellaire Research Mercedes IPO GLV Bellaire.Research@gmail.com Babette Well Unloading GLV

Flow Stabilization for Continuous Injection IPO Gas Lift Valves Now let’s investigate how the pressure sensitivity of the Mercedes Valve produces this flow profile. ALRDC 2016 Inventor’s Seminar Variable Aperture Flow Control Mechanism for Gas Lift Valves Bellaire Research Mercedes IPO GLV Bellaire.Research@gmail.com Babette Well Unloading GLV

Flow Stabilization for Continuous Injection IPO Gas Lift Valves At zero/low flow, there is no/little pressure loss across the inlet ports and the bellow see the inlet pressure. The Mercedes Valve is full open, with a flow profile similar to an orifice with about 5.5 mmscfd of capacity. ALRDC 2016 Inventor’s Seminar Variable Aperture Flow Control Mechanism for Gas Lift Valves Bellaire Research Mercedes IPO GLV Bellaire.Research@gmail.com Babette Well Unloading GLV

Flow Stabilization for Continuous Injection IPO Gas Lift Valves As flow increases, the pressure loss across the inlet ports cause the pressure on the bellows to decrease. With about inlet port 10 psi loss, the valve closes to a position where the flow capacity is about 4.5 mmscfd. ALRDC 2016 Inventor’s Seminar Variable Aperture Flow Control Mechanism for Gas Lift Valves Bellaire Research Mercedes IPO GLV Bellaire.Research@gmail.com Babette Well Unloading GLV

Flow Stabilization for Continuous Injection IPO Gas Lift Valves As flow increases further, the pressure loss across the inlet ports cause the pressure on the bellows to decrease further. With about 20 psi inlet port loss, the valve closes to a position where the flow capacity is about 3.5 mmscfd. ALRDC 2016 Inventor’s Seminar Variable Aperture Flow Control Mechanism for Gas Lift Valves Bellaire Research Mercedes IPO GLV Bellaire.Research@gmail.com Babette Well Unloading GLV

Flow Stabilization for Continuous Injection IPO Gas Lift Valves As flow increases still further, the pressure loss across the inlet ports cause the pressure on the bellows to decrease still further. With about 30 psi inlet port loss, the valve closes to a position where the flow capacity is 2.75 mmscfd. ALRDC 2016 Inventor’s Seminar Variable Aperture Flow Control Mechanism for Gas Lift Valves Bellaire Research Mercedes IPO GLV Bellaire.Research@gmail.com Babette Well Unloading GLV

Flow Stabilization for Continuous Injection IPO Gas Lift Valves Bellaire Research Mercedes IPO GLV ALRDC 2016 Inventor’s Seminar Variable Aperture Flow Control Mechanism for Gas Lift Valves Bellaire.Research@gmail.com Babette Well Unloading GLV

Mercedes Valve Variable Aperture IPO Gas Lift Valve (Bellaire Research, Patent Pending) Bellaire.Research@gmail.com

Mercedes Valve Variable Aperture IPO Gas Lift Valve (Bellaire Research, Patent Pending) Bellaire.Research@gmail.com

Mercedes Valve 3.0 Bellaire Research Bellaire.Research@gmail.com