Historical Artistic Movements 1800’s - Present

Art Movements- Last few centuries Objectives Identify some of the most popular Western art movements of the past several centuries Chose an inspirational art movement upon which to base a dream room design Use design features in the dream room that reflect characteristics of chosen art movement Art Major I

What is an Artistic Movement? Definition- A group of artists who agree on general principles Historians and art critics have categorized artwork into different “movements” based on the style and time period it was created in

What is an Artistic Movement? Throughout our history, artists have come together and created work that reflects the time period they were living in Each new art movement was usually born out of a revolt of previous movements and ideas. Artists were always pushing the boundaries of what was considered acceptable. They were always rebellious!

What is an Artistic Movement? Analogy: Art Movements are like styles and trends in fashion Every few years, people rebel against the norm, and new trends emerge that remain grounded in a certain time period However, multiple styles can exist at once (i.e. punk, preppy, hipster, classic, etc.)

Time Period #1 (1800 – 1870) Romanticism Hudson River School Realism Imagery is mostly represented realistically, with traditional or fantastical themes Romanticism Hudson River School Realism

Romanticism (1800 – 1880) Started in France and Britain It’s an emotional style that is individualistic, beautiful, exotic, and emotionally wrought Artists: Francisco Goya, William Blake, JMW Turner, Eugene Delacroix

Romanticism (1800 – 1880)

Hudson River School (1825 – 1885) Started in America in the Hudson River Valley Landscape painters were influenced by Romanticism Artists: Thomas Cole, Charles Baker, Albert Bierstadt

Hudson River School (1825 – 1885)

Realism (1850 – 1870) Began in France as a revolt against the exotic subject matter and exaggerated emotionalism and drama of the Romantic movement Artists sought to portray real and typical contemporary people and situations with truth and accuracy Artists: Gustave Courbet, Jean-Francois Millet, Edouard Manet

Realism (1850 – 1870)

Time Period #2 (1870 - 1900) Impressionism Post Impressionism Imagery becomes more stylized and expressionistic, yet it is still recognizable. Color palette expands and becomes brighter and more intense. Impressionism Post Impressionism Fauvism / Expressionism

Impressionism (1867 – 1886) Began in Paris Paintings of outdoors scenes had loose brush strokes and bright colors Artists: Claude Monet, Camille Pissarro, Pierre- Auguste Renoir, Edgar Degas, John Singer Sargent

Impressionism (1867 – 1886)

Post-Impressionism (1880 – 1920) French artists extended Impressionism while rejecting its limitations Used vivid colors and brush strokes, but distorted form for expressive effect, and used unnatural or arbitrary colors Artists: Georges Seurat, Paul Cezanne, Vincent Van Gogh, Henri de Toulouse- Lautrec, Paul Gauguin

Post-Impressionism (1880 – 1920)

Fauvism / Expressionism (1900 – 1925) Began in Germany at the turn of the 20th century The artist evoked emotion through distortion, exaggeration, primitivism, fantasy, and non- naturalistic and exuberant colors Artists: Henri Matisse, Edvard Munch, Ernst Ludwig Kirchner, Amedeo Modigliani, Max Beckmann

Fauvism / Expressionism (1900 – 1925)

Time Period #3 (1900 - 1940) Early Modernism Cubism Futurism Subject matter is broken down into basic elements and becomes more abstracted. Then, artists explore more conceptual, innovative themes. Early Modernism Cubism Futurism Surrealism Dada Harlem Renaissance

Early Modernism (1890 – 1910) Took Europe by storm at the turn of the century As a rejection of all previous traditions, art is broken down into its most simple elements (line, shape, space, etc.) Artists: Piet Mondrian, Mark Rothko

Early Modernism (1890 – 1910)

Cubism (1908– 1914) Began in Paris by Picasso and Braque Cubists broke from centuries of tradition in their paintings by rejecting the single viewpoint Artists: Georges Braque, Pablo Picasso, Juan Gris, Paul Klee, Marc Chagall, Marcel Duchamp

Cubism (1908– 1914)

Futurism (1909– 1944) Began in Italy Glorified themes in painting and sculpture associated with the future, including speed, technology, youth and violence, and objects such as the car, the airplane, and the industrial city Artists: Giacomo Balla, Umberto Boccioni

Futurism (1909– 1944)

Dada (1916– 1924) Began in Switzerland as an avant-garde, anti-war movement Its artwork generated difficult questions about society, the role of the artist, and the purpose of art Artists: Marcel Duchamp, Hannah Hoch, Man Ray, Raoul Hausmann

Dada (1916– 1924)

Surrealism (1920s– 1930s) Began in Paris, and emerged from Dadaism Dedicated to expressing the imagination as revealed in dreams, artists painted unnerving, illogical scenes and created strange creatures from everyday objects Artists: Salvador Dali, Rene Magritte, Max Earnst, MC Escher, Frida Kahlo

Surrealism (1920s– 1930s)

Harlem Renaissance (1920s– 1930s) Also known as the “New Negro Movement,” began in Harlem, NY An African-American movement depicting daily life in Harlem Artists: Jacob Lawrence, Romare Bearden

Harlem Renaissance (1920s– 1930s)

Time Period #4 (1940 - Present) Artists began pushing the envelope even more and rebelling against all previous traditions. Abstract Expressionism Pop Art Op Art Postmodernism

Abstract Expressionism (1940 – 1960s) Started in NY, post WWII Aimed at subjective emotional expression with a particular emphasis on the creative spontaneous act (like action painting) Artists: Wassily Kandinsky, Jackson Pollock, Willem De Kooning, Francis Bacon

Abstract Expressionism (1940 – 1960s)

Pop Art (1950s – 1960s) Started Britain in the 1950s, and the U.S. in the 1960s Mocks popular culture by using everyday items, like Campbell’s Soup Cans and advertisements in artwork Artists: Roy Lichtenstein, Andy Warhol, Claus Oldenburg

Pop Art (1950s – 1960s)

Op Art (1960s) Began in different places when certain artists started experimenting with illusions Called “Optical” Art, this genre makes use of optical illusions in artwork Artists: Bridget Riley, Victor Vasarely

Op Art (1960s)

Postmodernism (1960s - Present) Born out of cultural revolutions in the 1960s worldwide; a rejection of the norm ANYTHING can be considered ‘art.’ Artists make statements about what art can be. They also make social statements. Artists: Keith Haring, Fernando Botero, Damien Hirst, Kara Walker, Jasper Johns, Jeff Koons

Post-Modernism (1960s - Present)

Movements From Other Cultures The movements we looked at are the most well-known Western Art Movements from 1800-Present. “Western” refers to North America and Europe Other cultures have their own histories of art creation (African Art, Japanese Art, Aboriginal Art, etc.) EXTRA CREDIT (5 pts.): Include a 4th movement in your presentation from another culture following the same research criteria.