Gymnosperms and Angiosperms

What Do I Study? Seed and Plant Response PowerPoint Gymnosperm Notes Angiosperm Notes Vocabulary Seed Plants Vocabulary Gymnosperms Angiosperms Quiz on Seeds Quiz on Flowers Yellow Angiosperm Sheet Green Gymnosperm Sheet Characteristics of Seed Plants Worksheet

Mav Mark What is a characteristic of a plant that is useful when making paper? Why is it important to press and dry the newly made paper? The first known paper was papyrus. Was this a conifer? Explain.

Mav Mark What is a gymnosperm? What are four examples of gymnosperms and where are they found?

Mav Mark Describe the Life Cycle of the Gymnosperm

Mav Mark What is the difference between a gymnosperm and an angiosperm What does gymno- mean? What does angio- mean? What does –sperm mean?

Mav Mark Give three characteristics of Monocots Give three characteristics of Dicots

1. A gymnosperm Is a seed plant that produces “naked” seeds (they are not inside a fruit) Usually has needle-like or scale-like leaves and a deep growing root system.

2. Different types of gymnosperms are Cycads are usually found in tropical areas Conifers are cone-bearing plants; the largest gymnosperm group Ginkgoes – today there is only one species left; Ginkgo biloba Gnetophytes live in hot deserts and tropical rainforests

Gingko leaf-unique shape

cycads conifers

Ginkgoes gnetophytes

3. Most gymnosperms reproduce with cones Cones are covered with scales There are usually two different cones: Male cones produce pollen Female cones contain an ovule

Pine Cones Male Cone Female Cone

4. Pollination is A transfer of pollen from the male reproductive structure to the female After pollination, the egg is fertilized and seeds are dispersed by the wind

5. Gymnosperms provide many useful products Paper Lumber used for building homes Rayon fibers in clothes Cellophane wrappers on food Turpentine in paint Rosin

Angiosperms

1. Angiosperms are Flowering plants that produce Flowers Seeds inside fruits Found everywhere on Earth

2. The flower is the reproductive structure of the plant Come in all shapes and sizes: Complete flower Incomplete flower Flowers include: Sepals and petals Stamens Pistils

3. The Sepals and Petals Sepals are leaf-like structures that protect the flower when it is a bud Petals are colorful leaf-like structures Petals vary from plant to plant. In fact, not all flowers have petals!

4. Stamens Stamens are the male reproductive parts Filament (thin stalk) Anther (produces pollen; sits on top of filament)

5. Pistils Pistils are the female reproductive parts Stigma (sticky tip) Style (a slender tube that connects stigma and ovary) Ovary (contains the ovule which has eggs that become seeds)

6. Pollinators Insects, birds, and bats are attracted to a flower’s color, shape, or smell. They help carry pollen from one flower to another

7. Reproduction in angiosperms Pollen falls on the stigma from the anther Sperm from the pollen fertilized the egg in the ovule Seed develops Ovary swells and grows around the seed as a fruit

8. Types of angiosperms Two major groups are monocots and dicots Have one seed leaf Long slender leaves; parallel veins Flowers have 3 petals or multiples of 3 Example: corn, wheat, rice Dicots Have two seed leaves Leaves are wide with branched veins Flowers have 4 or 5 petals or multiples of 4 or 5 Example: roses, violets, dandelions

9. Angiosperms in Everyday Life Food Clothing Medicine Furniture