HW: Finish Immunity Classwork Wednesday May 10, 2017 I can: explain how viruses evolve Agenda (10) Catalyst (20) GN: HIV and Immunity (15) IP: Immunity Classwork (25) Tic Tac Toe Review (5) Exit Ticket Catalyst What was the atmosphere like on Early Earth? What theory describes how eukaryotes developed? What is the main difference between a prokaryote and a eukaryote? HW: Finish Immunity Classwork Quiz TOMORROW, Unit 5 Packet due FRIDAY

Learn GP: Early Earth (together?) Complete Immunity Classwork (due today) Or any other missing work (see Progress Report) Make sure Unit 5 packet is COMPLETE (turn in Friday) Extra Credit!

HW: Unit 5 Packet due TOMORROW Thursday May 11, 2017 I can: review Unit 5 and apply my knowledge to my quiz Agenda (10) Catalyst (35) Tic Tac Toe Review (40) Unit 5 Quiz Catalyst What are the 4 things required for evolution? (36) What is one way humans cause antibiotic resistance? (37) What is one way we receive passive immunity? Active immunity? (40) HW: Unit 5 Packet due TOMORROW Signed Progress Report = EXTRA CREDIT

Exit Ticket Review 1. Which will most likely develop as a result of receiving a vaccine? A. mutagens B. antibiotic resistance C. artificially acquired active immunity D. naturally acquired passive immunity

Exit Ticket Review 2. Which immune response is passed from mother to child through breast feeding? A. active B. passive C. humoral D. cell-mediated

Exit Ticket Review 3. Which is an example of passive immunity? A. people being vaccinated against diseases B. people taking vitamins to boost their immune responses C. people receiving antibodies from their mothers before birth D. people producing antibodies against organisms that cause diseases they have had previously

Exit Ticket Review 4. People who are vaccinated against the seasonal flu virus are far less likely to get sick from the flu than people who do not get vaccinated. Which is the best explanation for the vaccine’s ability to protect people from the flu? A. The vaccine is a chemical designed to destroy the flu virus. B. The vaccine inhibits the ability of the flu virus to replicate. C. The vaccine prevents the flu virus from entering its target cells. D. The vaccine stimulates the production of antibodies against the virus.

Tic Tac Toe Review Example 1. Which will most likely develop as a result of receiving a vaccine? A. mutagens B. antibiotic resistance C. artificially acquired active immunity D. naturally acquired passive immunity Vaccines don’t cause mutations Vaccines are not antibiotics, cannot cause resistance (not killing bacteria) Active immunity = cells make own antibodies (like from encountering VACCINES) Passive immunity = given antibodies directly (during development from mother)

Exit Ticket Review

Exit Ticket Review

Exit Ticket Review

Exit Ticket Review

Viruses are not technically alive! Viruses are small pieces of DNA coated in protein Viruses are not technically alive!

Faster replication = greater possibility of mutation Viruses Many viruses mutate quickly meaning they they change Faster replication = greater possibility of mutation

Viruses Pathogenic viruses cause HIV, swine flu, smallpox, and the common cold

Viruses When viruses enter cells, they turn them into virus producing factories ----- Meeting Notes (5/4/16 10:31) -----

Viruses When viruses enter cells, they turn them into virus producing factories

Virus or not a virus?

The cause of smallpox

A bacterium

A fungus

HIV

A piece of DNA wrapped in protein

The reason why you have a cold!

Viruses Treatments Antibiotics kill bacteria! Antibiotics DO NOT kill viruses! Antivirals kill viruses. There is not much doctors can do to cure viruses once you have been infected

Virus Treatments Viral infections can be prevented by vaccines Some infections like smallpox have a vaccine, but others like HIV don’t have a vaccine, so you must avoid infections!

Immunity and Vaccines Why do some people get a disease (like the flu) while other people don’t get it? 

Immunity and Vaccines Immunity is ability to not get sick when a bacteria or virus attacks. There are two kinds of immunity.

Passive Immunity Passive immunity occurs after a baby is born when it still has some of the cells that fight infection and antibodies from its mother’s blood.

Active Immunity Active Immunity is the immunity that you have gotten from being infected by a certain disease.

Active Immunity Active immunity also occurs when people are given vaccines to prevent infection.

Your own body produces the antibodies in active immunity If you are infected by a disease once, your cells that fight infection stay around for the rest of your life. If you get the same disease again it will be killed quickly, you won’t get sick.

Vaccines Vaccines are injections that contain a small amount of the virus so that your body can preview the disease and gain an immunity to the virus so you don’t get sick. triggers an active immunity response

HIV

HIV infections and treatment HIV is short for human immunodeficiency virus. HIV is the virues that causes the disease AIDS or acquired immunodeficiency syndrome AIDS keeps your immune system from working right

HIV infections and treatment In the United States, about 1 million people have been diagnosed with AIDS, while there are 33.2 million people with AIDS in the world

68% of people living with AIDS are in Africa

HIV infections and treatment When HIV infects someone it enters their cell and makes them into a virus producing factory

How does HIV evolve? There is no vaccine for HIV because it evolves too quickly!

VSIT in HIV Variation: when HIV infects a cell its DNA changes Selection: HIV with good genes survives and reproduces Inheritance: HIV passes down its genes to the next generation Time: over a long time, HIV takes over the body

Think Describe a virus How are viruses different from bacteria? How can some viral infections be prevented? Why is HIV different from other viruses?

Why do we need a new flu vaccine every year?