NFPA Technology Roadmap https://global.gotomeeting.com/join/224866621 Energy Efficiency Working Group Conference Call Fri, May 19, 2017 - 12:00 PM - 1:30 PM CDT https://global.gotomeeting.com/join/224866621 Dial: +1 (872) 240-3412 Access Code: 224-866-621 1

Working Group Participants ACCEPTED Aleksandar Egelja Caterpillar Egelja_Aleksandar_M@cat.com Gary Gift Donaldson Company Gary.Gift@Donaldson.com Phil Priolo G.W. Lisk Company ppriolo@gwlisk.com Charles Tuggle Hydra-Power Systems ctuggle@hpsx.com Ron Klimko Hydraulics & Pneumatics Magazine Ronald.Klimko@penton.com Shubhamita Basu Lubrizol shubhamita.basu@lubrizol.com Mark Bokorney Sun Hydraulics markb@sunhydraulics.com TENTATIVE Qinghui Yuan Eaton Corporation qinghuiyuan@eaton.com David Scheetz ExxonMobil david.k.scheetz@exxonmobil.com Rick Bush Micromatic Rick.Bush@micromaticllc.com POSSIBLE Andrew Gelder Afton Chemical Andrew.Gelder@AftonChemical.com Mike Gust CCEFP mjgust@umn.edu Kazumi Ito KYB Japan itou-kazu@kyb.co.jp DECLINED Ben Jackson JCB Ben.Jackson@jcb.com Jeff Osterman Parker Hannifin jeff.osterman@parker.com Jon Goreham Quality Control Corporation jgoreham@qccorp.com 2

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Agenda 0:05 Welcome, call to order Roll call Anti-trust guidelines Agenda review 0:10 Review Roadmap Elements 0:20 Review and discuss Research Challenge definition and connection to Customer Drivers 0:35 Discuss Research Challenge advances in the last two years 0:50 Review, discuss, revise and prioritize Research Targets and Objectives 1:20 Next steps 1:30 Adjourn 4

Roadmap Elements Customer Drivers Research Challenges The NFPA Technology Roadmap has three primary elements, each connected to the next in a chain. Customer Drivers Research Challenges Targets & Objectives Customer drivers are the business or technology objectives of fluid power customers. They help them serve the needs of their own customers, and are not necessarily connected to their use of fluid power. Research challenges are the broad areas of attention that must be addressed if fluid power is to meet or better meet the customer needs described by the drivers. Research targets and objectives quantify or describe successful strategies for pursuing the research challenges. As pre-competitive challenges, it is often difficult to be precise, but our targets and outcomes should provide direction for viable research projects. Increase energy efficiency Targets & Objectives? Increased productivity and performance Improve reliability Targets & Objectives? Increased availability/up-time Reduce size Targets & Objectives? Lower total and life cycle costs Build “smart” components and systems Targets & Objectives? Reduce environmental impact Targets & Objectives? Increased ease/predictability of maintenance Improve energy storage capabilities Targets & Objectives? Quieter machines Fast and accurate control Targets & Objectives? Machines that are compliant with safety regulations New materials Targets & Objectives? 5

Research Challenge Research Challenges are the broad areas of attention that must be addressed if fluid power is to meet or better meet the customer needs described by the Customer Drivers. This Working Group will focus on the first Research Challenge. Increasing the energy efficiency of fluid power components and systems Improving the reliability of fluid power components and systems (e.g., increasing up-time, reducing maintenance requirements, making fluid power safe and easy to use) Reducing the size of fluid power components and systems while maintaining or increasing their power output Building “smart” fluid power components and systems (i.e., ones that perform self-diagnostics and troubleshooting and that integrate easily with “plug and play” functionality) Reducing the environmental impact of fluid power components and systems (e.g., lowering noise, eliminating leaks) Improving and applying the energy storage capabilities of fluid power components and systems Fast and accurate control New materials Questions for Discussion Is the definition of this Research Challenge clear and distinct from the other seven? If not, what changes would we recommend to the wording of the Research Challenge? 6

Increase Energy Efficiency Connection to Customer Drivers Would improvements in this area of research challenge increase fluid power’s ability to meet the customer drivers? 1 = YES; 2 = MAYBE; 3 = NO CUSTOMER DRIVERS Increase Energy Efficiency Increased productivity and performance 1.000 Increased availability/up-time 3.000 Lower total and life cycle costs Increased ease/predictability of maintenance Quieter machines 1.750 Machines that are compliant with safety regulations These weighted averages reflect the relative fluid power product sales volumes in each market segment (50% mobile hydraulics, 25% industrial hydraulics, and 25% pneumatics). Increase energy efficiency Increased productivity and performance Increased availability/up-time Lower total and life cycle costs Increased ease/predictability of maintenance Quieter machines Connections shown represent weighted averages < 2.000 Machines that are compliant with safety regulations Questions for Discussion Have we correctly identified the strongest connections between improvements in the areas of research challenge and fluid power’s ability to meet the needs represented by the customer drivers? If not, what changes would we recommend? 7

Research Challenge Advances Increasing the energy efficiency of fluid power components and systems Research Targets and Objectives Advances Since the Last Roadmap Update [Not specified] MSOE research underway on the improving efficiency of fluid power systems through the use of polymer enhanced fluids. UIUC has demonstrated pneumatic energy recovery and redeployment to flexible actuators for wrist stabilization and strain reduction as applied to a human crutch. Four-quadrant pump-motor research is investigating mechanical valve timing for optimized porting, reduced electrical energy consumption and improved reliability. Free Piston Engine Pump (FPEP) at UMN has demonstrated ability to control firing under continued operation. Improved fuel and air management modifications are underway. This FPEP represents a radical improvement in overall fuel efficiency versus conventional engine-hydraulic pump systems. The compact portable Stirling power unit at Vanderbilt represents a scalable heat recovery system for industrial waste heat recovery applications. Reduce energy consumption 3D printed excavator with integrated, weight reduced fluid power systems demonstrated at the 2017 CONEXPO Show to tremendous reviews and visibility. Digital valves demonstrated at CCEFP universities reduce load losses. Engine and fluid power system optimization studies, including hybridized systems, conducted. Reduce power consumption Piezo energy harvesting for self-powered sensors demonstrated. Reduce pressure loss between power source and actuation Nano-texturing of hydraulic lines studied. Not feasible for high pressure systems but could reduce pressure drop losses for low pressure lines such as inlet/suction lines. Improve energy recovery methods Exhaust air recovery system that using a novel strain energy storage device has demonstrated a 25% reduction in air consumption. Elastomeric strain energy storage device demonstrated for pneumatic system (low pressure) while models for high pressure hydraulic versions predict up to 4X times the energy storage density over conventional compressed gas systems. Numerous hydraulic hybrid systems (hydraulic hybrid passenger car, excavator swing, etc.) demonstrated or modeled that predict up to 75% energy recovery based on duty cycle. Piezo energy harvesting for powering sensors demonstrated and ready for commercialization. 8

Research Targets and Objectives Research targets and objectives quantify or describe successful strategies for pursuing the research challenges. As pre-competitive challenges, it is often difficult to be precise, but our targets and outcomes should provide direction for viable research projects. Increasing the energy efficiency of fluid power components and systems Reduce energy consumption Reduce power consumption Reduce pressure loss between power source and actuation Improve energy recovery methods Questions for Discussion Do the targets and objectives all represent fruitful areas of research investigation for this area? If not, what changes would we recommend? Are the targets and objectives stated as specifically as possible, while still maintaining a focus on pre-competitive inquiry? If not, what changes would we recommend? Are the targets and objectives listed in a priority order that reflects their likelihood of success? If not, what changes would we recommend? 9

Next Steps Working Group conference calls are being held throughout May and June 2017. At their conclusion, a draft of the full Roadmap document will be produced and circulated for additional feedback. A final draft will be presented at the August 2017 NFPA Industry and Economic Outlook Conference. 10