WATER – AIR—CLIMATE CHANGE POLLUTION TEST REVIEW WATER – AIR—CLIMATE CHANGE

1. Eutrophication & hypoxia in Chesapeake Bay is in part attributed to Overfishing cod that maintain the entire ecosystem Overharvesting oysters that previously would have filtered nutrients The recent offshore oil drilling platform accident that contributed excess organic material to this estuary Loss of kelp to take up nutrients Loss of otters to maintain the kelp forests

2. In a municipal water treatment plant, the secondary treatment methods consist of Removing the sludge for the final incineration process Filtering the sewage as it arrives from the influent pipes Allowing sewage to sit in settling tanks so that suspended solids will settle out Aeration basin, which increase microbial action Chlorinating the sewage as it leaves the effluent pipes

3. Which of the following has most contributed to global aquifer contamination? Inappropriate use of household detergents containing phosphates Septic systems leaching into aquifers Hazardous waste disposal from pumping waste underground Methane & carbon monoxide gases dissolving into aquifers Saltwater intrusion from depleted aquifers

4. The aquatic invertebrates in the lake at a local park are dying 4. The aquatic invertebrates in the lake at a local park are dying. A scientist from the Department of Environmental Protection is now investigating the problem, and she first measures the dissolved oxygen (DO) in order to check Possibility of eutrophication effects Possibility of bacterial parasitism of the aquatic invertebrates Heavy metal concentration of the lake Influence of local acid precipitation Possible negative effects of sedimentation

5. Two major factors involved in the conversion of primary air pollutants into secondary air pollutants are Sulfur dioxide & sulfuric acid Nitrogen oxides and sulfates Sulfates & water Water and VOCs (volatile organic compounds) Sunlight & water

6. Recent paleoclimate evidence from polar ice core analysis shows that, until now, carbon dioxide levels have never exceeded ___ ppm in tha last several hundred thousand years 25 200 300 500 1000

7. The largest source of anthropogenic greenhouse gases in the US is _____, followed by _____ agriculture; transportation Electricity generation; transportation Electricity generation; industry Electricity generation; agriculture Agriculture, electricity generation

8. Carbon based fuels from the lithospheric reservoirs A. Are sustainable if humans make a conscious effort to increase their carbon footprint Are low in thermal content but valuable as a fuel source Are formed from the deposition, partial decay, and compression of inorganic matter Have been slowly sequestered over many millions of years Are readily lost from Earth’s surface in the absence of humans

9. The Intergovernmental Panel on climate change (IPCC) has synthesized several decades of data and documented observed trends in all of the areas below, except Planetary vegetation cover & the ocean’s contribution to photosynthesis Precipitation patterns & their regional differences Snow & ice cover Storm intensity patterns Earth’s surface temperature & its increase

10. During thermohaline circulation of global ocean current systems, surface currents are Cold & dense Warm & dense Saltier & colder Less salty, less dense, and warmer Driven by winds from north to south

ANSWERS... 1. B 2. D 3. C 4. A 5. E 6. C 7. B 8. D 9. A 10.D