TERRORISM

Organisations: . . . the unlawful use of force and violence against persons or property to intimidate or coerce a government, the civilian population, or any segment thereof, in furtherance of political or social objectives. (FBI) . . . the calculated use of violence or threat of violence to inculcate fear; intended to coerce or to intimidate governments or societies in the pursuit of goals that are generally political, religious, or ideological. (Department of Defence) . . . all war crimes will be considered acts of terrorism, in which case most every government in the world has committed terrorism, though few have ever faced justice or were even disgraced for doing so. (United Nations)

Types of Terrorism Nationalist Terrorism Religious Terrorism State-sponsored Terrorism Anarchist Terrorism Left-wing Terrorism Right-wing Terrorism

Nationalist Terrorism Seek to form a separate state for their own national group, often by drawing attention to a fight for “national liberation” that they think the world has ignored. Example groups include Irish Republican Army, Palestine Liberation Organization, Basque Fatherland and Liberty, and Kurdistan Workers’ Party.

Religious Terrorism Seek to use violence to further what they see as divinely commanded purposes, often targeting broad categories of foes in an attempt to bring about sweeping changes. Examples include Osama bin Laden’s Al-Queda network, Palestinian Sunni Muslim organization Hamas, Lebanese Shiite group Hezbollah.

Deliberately used by radical states as foreign policy tools. State-Sponsored Terrorism Deliberately used by radical states as foreign policy tools. Examples include Hezbollah backed by Iran, Abu Nibal Organization backed by Iraq, Japanese Red Army that often work on contracts for Libya

Anarchist Terrorism Revolutionaries seek to overthrow established governments launched a wave of bombing and assassinated a series of heads of state. Leon Czolgosz, anarchist who assassinated President William McKinley in 1901.

Left-wing Terrorism Out to destroy capitalism and replace it with a communist or socialist regime. Examples include Baader-Meinhof Group (Germany), Japanese Red Army (Lebanon), The Weathermen (America 1970s), and Red Brigades (Italy)

Examples include neo-Nazi or Neofascist terrorist groups. Right-wing Terrorism Seek to do away with liberal democratic governments and create fascist states in their place. Examples include neo-Nazi or Neofascist terrorist groups.

Conversation What is terrorism? What is the objective of terrorism? Do all terrorists have the same objectives or do they differ? What is the difference between a "terrorist" and a "freedom fighter"? What, if any, is the difference between political and religious terrorism? What effect would special laws to deal with terrorists have? HOME – ASSIGNMENT 1)Give synonym : Intimidate 2) Give antonym : Disgraced 3) Give meaning : a) Coerce b) Segment c) Inculcate d) Justice 4) Make a sentence using below word : a) Crime b) Liberation c) Launched

Conversation If the death penalty we applicable to terrorist acts, what effect would this have? Some individuals claim that, even in a democracy, they cannot make their voices heard and this entitles them to take "direct action" against the state. What is your opinion? Under what circumstances would you fight against the state? If an organization only targets military forces and does not target civilians, is it still a terrorist organization? Why, why not? Where were you, and what were you doing, when your learned about the 9/11 attacks in the US?

Reviewed By Reviewed On Comments / Changes Made Mayuri 08.09.2015 Added the 11th slide