Sandro Fuzzi National Research Council Bologna, Italy CAS 2017 Report to WIGOS Sandro Fuzzi National Research Council Bologna, Italy

WMO application areas The broad application area “atmospheric chemistry” was substituted with more specific ones: atmospheric composition forecasting atmospheric composition analysis and monitoring urban services CAS streamlines research and implementation strategies that build on the observations acquired under the GAW Programme Compilation of tables for observational requirements of variables included in each application area, as part of the RRR process, is underway

GAW Implementation Plan* (2016-23) Builds upon the premise that atmospheric composition matters to: climate weather forecast human health aquatic ecosystems agricultural productivity aeronautical operations ... *endorsed by WMO Executive Council

GAW structure Implementation Data quality Focal areas Platforms

GAW network The observational network evolution follows the Rolling Review of Requirement process and comprises: Global stations (31) Regional stations Local stations Mobile platforms Contributing networks

Applications of GAW data Support of climate negotiations: Integrated Global GHG Information System IG3IS Ecosystem services: analysis of total deposition, nitrogen cycle, deposition to the oceans/marine geoengineering Air quality and health: sand and dust storms, urban air quality, biomass burning Food security: atmospheric composition and agriculture, UV radiation, ozone Transport security: volcanic ash forecasting ...

Updated measurement guidelines GAW Report 231 - Fourth WMO Filter Radiometer Comparison (FRC-IV, 65 pp.) GAW Report 229 - Carbon Dioxide, Other Greenhouse Gases and Related Tracers Measurement Techniques (GGMT-2015, 150 pp.) GAW Report 227 - WMO/GAW Aerosol Measurement Procedures, Guidelines and Recommendations (2nd Edition, 103 pp.) NOX, VOC and precipitation chemistry guides are planned to be finalized this year

IG3IS Integrated Global GHG Information System IG3IS is envisioned as an independent, observationally based information system for determining trends and distributions of GHGs in the atmosphere and the ways in which they are consistent or not with efforts to reduce greenhouse gas emissions to fulfil the requirements of the Paris Agreement GAW operation is central to this program through: disseminating data gathered by the World Data Centre for Greenhouse Gases hosted by the Japan Meteorological Agency filling in under-represented regions globally improving GHG emission inventories improving transport models increasing collection of vertical profiles of GHG facilitating interpretation of satellite data The GAW global network for carbon dioxide in the last decade 8

IAGOS In-service Aircraft for a Global Observing System IAGOS is the first contributing network to GAW Is a European Research Infrastructure conducting long-term observations of atmospheric composition, aerosol and cloud particles on a global scale from commercial aircraft of internationally operating airlines The IAGOS data are available in near real time

Low-cost air pollution sensors Currently, low-cost air quality sensors are increasingly promoted since they seem to offer an appealing alternative to the bulky and expensive state-of-the-art instrumentation (e.g. UNEP) 1960 1980 1990 2000 Application without additional efforts (quality control) prior and during operation and post-processing does not lead to meaningful results Still, low-cost sensors are an opportunity for GAW since they could allow for cost reduction, expansion of current monitoring networks, provision of near real time data

Ammonia* was identified as a critical gap in the GAW Programme GAW International workshop on Nitrogen Cycle, 12-14 April 2016, York, UK Objective: to establish a connection between GAW focal areas in support of ecosystem services and to ensure that GAW products contribute to the broader Nitrogen cycle agenda Key partners: LRTAP Task Force on Reactive Nitrogen (TFRN), the International Nitrogen Management System (INMS), agricultural, meteorological and effects communities Nitrogen in GAW: NOx in Reactive Gases, N2O in Greenhouse Gases, Nitrate in deposition and Nitrate in Aerosols Ammonia* was identified as a critical gap in the GAW Programme *Ammonia is a critical factor in new particle formation (air quality, climate)

Enhancing data management A data management approach with GAWSIS as a central metadata access point to facilitate improved metadata exchange and interoperability, data discovery and analysis, and to promote and facilitate the near-real time delivery of data is slowly coming to life 

Added value of GAW to WIGOS Global collaboration across disciplines across Institutions (many partners outside NMHSs, that are often not the primary funders) High quality products data modelling Capacity building

Thank you Merci