By Lily Miller, Julian Arrechavala, Jorge Guzman, and Margarita Chavez Chapter 11: Pancreas By Lily Miller, Julian Arrechavala, Jorge Guzman, and Margarita Chavez

Location of the Pancreas The pancreas lies horizontally across the abdominal wall in a C-shaped curve in abdominal cavity Posterior to the stomach Behind the parietal peritoneum Joined to the duodenum (first section of the small intestine)

Basic Anatomy of Organ °The Pancreas is made up of 2 types of glands. ° Exocrine. The exocrine gland secretes digestive enzymes. °Endocrine. The endocrine gland, which consists of the islets of Langerhans.

General Function of the Pancreas Secretes hormones and digestive enzymes Groups of cells closely associated with blood vessels called pancreatic islets secrete the hormone Glucagon and Beta cells Beta cells create Insulin

Secretions and their functions Pancreas serves as two glands in one. As an exocrine gland, pancreas secretes enzymes to break down the protein, lipids, carbohydrates, and nucleic acids in foods. This helps the food become easier for your body to be able to be digested. As an endocrine gland, pancreas secretes hormone insulin, along with glucagon to control blood sugar levels throughout the day. Glucagon helps release sugar (glucose) to raise up your blood level if needed, while the insulin helps control how high or low it goes.

Pancreas Diseases The disease that the pancreas is associated with is diabetes mellitus There are 2 types of diabetes, Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes is a metabolic derangement that arises from lack of insulin or inability of cells to recognize it Diabetes also hampers protein and fat synthesis

Pancreas diseases continued Type 1 diabetes is insulin dependent, usually appears before age 20 and is autoimmune disease Type 2 diabetes is non-insulin-dependent 85%-90% people have Type 2 diabetes About 20 million people in the U.S. between ages 40- 74 fall under Type 2 more than Type 1

Work Cited Shier, David, Jackie Butler, Ricki Lewis. “Hole’s essentials of Human Anatomy & Physiology.” Boston, McGraw- Hill, 2009. Pgs. 308-309. Print. Taylor, Tim. Pancreas. N.D. 2012. Lillyhub.com. Web. 23 February 2016 Johns,H(n.d)Pancreas:Anatomy and Functions.Retrieved 23 February 2016 from http://m.hopskinmedicine.org/~healthlibrary