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Nat. Rev. Cardiol. doi:10.1038/nrcardio.2015.164 Figure 13 Causes of late and very late stent thrombosis attributed to neoatherosclerosis and 'restenosis' (panels a–d) and progression of neoatherosclerosis (panels e–i) Figure 13 | Causes of late and very late stent thrombosis attributed to neoatherosclerosis and 'restenosis' (panels a–d) and progression of neoatherosclerosis (panels e–i). Histological and schematic images are shown. Very late stent thrombosis from in-stent plaque rupture with underlying neoatherosclerosis associated with a | a PES, and b | a BMS. c | Very late stent thrombosis from in-stent erosion with underlying neoatherosclerosis associated with an SES. d | Late stent thrombosis from in-stent erosion in the presence of restenosis associated with a BMS. Foamy macrophage accumulation e | around struts in a cobalt–chromium everolimus-eluting stent, and f | on the luminal surface within a PES. g | Fibroatheroma with NC within neointima of a PES. h | Late fibroatheroma with intraplaque haemorrhage within a BMS. i | Chronic total occlusion in a case of restenosis in an SES with underlying neoatherosclerosis. Abbreviations: BMS, bare-metal stent; MΦ, macrophage; NC, necrotic core; PES, paclitaxel-eluting stent; SES, sirolimus-eluting stent; Th, thrombus. Histological image in panel b reprinted from Nakazawa, G. et al. The pathology of neoatherosclerosis in human coronary implants bare-metal and drug-eluting stents. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 57 (11), 1314–1322 © (2011), with permission from Elsevier. Histological image in panel b reprinted from Nakazawa, G. et al. The pathology of neoatherosclerosis in human coronary implants bare-metal and drug-eluting stents. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 57 (11), 1314–1322 © (2011), with permission from Elsevier Yahagi, K. et al. (2015) Pathophysiology of native coronary, vein graft, and in-stent atherosclerosis Nat. Rev. Cardiol. doi:10.1038/nrcardio.2015.164