By: Catalina Anampa, Ana Lozano, Brenton Ring College for All By: Catalina Anampa, Ana Lozano, Brenton Ring

What does “College for All” mean? Every student should enroll in a 4-year institution Why? Higher average hourly pay for college graduates Overall, It will boost the economy Why not? Not all students are prepared for college Returns of college are different for different people College education in places where it doesn’t seem necessary Catalina- What is the issue and why is it important? W

Key questions to consider Who should go to college? What are the implications of setting a bachelor’s degree as the universal standard? Should everyone go to college? How do we accomplish this

Community-Engaged Learning Connections How does our CEL connect- All of us

History of Higher Education in the US Higher education in colonies limited to well-to-do families In 1869-70 school year, 63,000 students, or 1% of the 18-24 year-old population, were enrolled in higher education Today there are more than 14,000,000 students, or about 33% of the 18-24 year-old population, enrolled in higher education It was after World War II and the GI Bill that higher education attendance rose Higher education attendance has been on the rise since the mid-1950s Brenton

College in Other Countries brenton

Admissions Simulation Directions: Decide which student you want to admit to MODERATELY PRESTIGIOUS University Student 1 vs. Student 2

Race/ Socioeconomic Dynamics

Who is ready for college? Source: U.S. Department of Education Office for Civil Rights

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, 2008 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS), Spring 2009.

Which students are finishing college? Graduating within 4 years after start for 2006 starting cohort (4-year colleges) 39.0% Total 42.6% White 20.5% Black 29.2% Hispanic 45.8% Asian/Pacific Islander 21.9% American Indian/Alaska NAtive Graduating within 6 years after start for 2006 starting cohort (4-year colleges) 59.2% Total 62.5% White 40.2% Black 51.5% Hispanic 70.1% Asian/Pacific Islander 40.2% American Indian/Alaskan Native Source: NCES: National Center for Education Statistics

Proposed policies in the U.S John Edward 2008 Democratic presidential candidate Proposed the “Plan for opportunity for all American’s” Pay for one year of public college for students willing to take a part-time job Simplify the financial aid process Arguments against: Taxpayers have to shell out more money Putting the responsibility on others to educate your child Is it our responsibility to help educate other parent’s children? What are the proposed policy solutions in the U.S? What are the pros and cons of those solutions? What are the arguments on each side of the policy debate? Bernies free public college Obama’s free community college GI Bill Trump VS Hillary’s views on college

Obama Proposed the America’s college promise proposal Community college free, benefit roughly 9 million students/year Federal funding cover three-quarters and then participating states would be expected to cover Arguments against: Requires states to pay 25% of bill Would funnel students into community colleges instead of 4 years colleges

Bernie Sanders Make tuition free at public colleges/universities in the U.S. Stop the federal gov. from making profit on student loans Fully paid for imposing tax on wall street speculators Arguments against: Costs too much Unrealistic- too big of a country Public universities preferred over private nonprofit schools

ELECTION DAY 2016

Trump VS Clinton “We are going to look into colleges...We’re going to do something in regard to really smart financing” “American families are drowning in debt caused by ever-rising college costs, and it is imperative that the next president put forward a bold plan to make debt-free college available to all”

GI Bill 1944, Post 9/11 GI Bill and Montgomery GI GI Bill 1944: Returning world war II veterans, includes cash payments of tuition and living expenses to attend college/vocational/technical school. Post 9/11: monthly housing allowance, annual books and supplies stipend and private school capped at 21,970. Montgomery GI Bill: Help pay higher education for active duty and reservists Question: Do you know of anyone who enlisted because they needed help paying for college?