Atoms — Day 7 Materials Needed: Writing Utensil Folder Notebook Physical Science Please pick up the handout from the front table!! Atoms — Day 7 Materials Needed: Writing Utensil Folder Notebook

Atoms Day 7 Bell work: Agenda What is concrete made of? (Think about what is in it!) Agenda Quiz Introduction to atoms Exit Slip

Q1: Using the picture below, what is the reason why a juice company would change the design of their bottle? A. bottle 2 weighs less than bottle 1 B. bottle 2 looks better than bottle 1 C. bottle 2 is easier to pour than bottle 1 D. bottle 2 is recyclable and bottle 1 is not 1 2 old new SC8.1.3.d DOK 3

Q2: How are compounds and mixtures different? A. Compounds and mixtures are not different. B. Mixtures and compounds can both be separated physically. C. Compounds can be separated physically, but mixtures must be separated by a chemical reaction. D. Mixtures can be separated physically, but compounds must be separated by a chemical reaction. SC8.2.1.a DOK 2

Based on the graph, which statement is FALSE? Mathematics Booster Based on the graph, which statement is FALSE? Only the Group 2 elements are shown. Calcium has the largest radius. Magnesium is neither the largest not the smallest. Barium is the largest.

Greek/Latin Meaning Examples pro in front of, first a- not, without tom cut, incision -ide a thing connected with or belong to iso same

Objectives I will know the charges and locations of protons, neutrons and electrons in an atom I will be able to determine how many protons, electrons and neutrons are in an element and explain how to determine the number of protons, electrons and neutrons

Bell Work Answer What is concrete made of? (Think about what is in it!)

A1: Using the picture below, what is the reason why a juice company would change the design of their bottle? A. bottle 2 weighs less than bottle 1 Based on the picture, there is no evidence that one bottle weighs less than the other. B. bottle 2 looks better than bottle 1 Based on the picture, there is no way to tell if someone thinks that one bottle looks better than the other. C. bottle 2 is easier to pour than bottle 1 Bottle 2 has a handle which makes it easier to pour. D. bottle 2 is recyclable and bottle 1 is not Based on the picture, there is no evidence that one is recyclable and the other is not. 1 2 old new SC8.1.3.d DOK 3

A2: How are compounds and mixtures different? A. Compounds and mixtures are not different. Compounds must be separated by a chemical reaction, but mixtures can be separated physically. B. Mixtures and compounds can both be separated physically. Mixtures can be separated physically, but compounds cannot. C. Compounds can be separated physically, but mixtures must be separated by a chemical reaction. D. Mixtures can be separated physically, but compounds must be separated by a chemical reaction. For example, a mixture like salt water can be separated physically into salt and water by boiling the water out. In order for a compound like water (H2O) to be separated into hydrogen and oxygen, a chemical reaction must occur. SC8.2.1.a DOK 2

Based on the graph, which statement is FALSE? Mathematics Booster Based on the graph, which statement is FALSE? Only the Group 2 elements are shown. TRUE Calcium has the largest radius. FALSE Magnesium is neither the largest not the smallest. TRUE Barium is the largest. TRUE

Rules For Producing Questions Ask as many questions as you can Do not stop to answer, judge or to discuss the questions Write down every question exactly as it is stated Change any statement into a question

Qfocus—Semester 1—Unit 1—Matter and Energy—Section 02—Atoms Rules for Producing Questions: Ask as many questions as you can Do not stop to answer, judge or to discuss the questions Write down every question exactly as it is stated Change any statement into a question

Categorizing Questions CLOSED-ENDED OPEN-ENDED

Categorizing Questions Closed-ended Questions can be answered with a “yes’ or “no” or with a one-word answer Open-ended Questions require more explanation Categorizing Questions

Prioritizing Questions

Prioritizing Questions Review your list of questions and choose three questions (most important; to develop a project, etc.). Mark them with an “X” Remember to keep the QFocus in mind while prioritizing.

What is an atom? Atom: the smallest unit of matter that retains the identity of the substance First proposed by Democratus. Democratus was a Greek philosopher who proposed that matter was made up of tiny, indivisible particles he called “atomos” because they could not be cut.

Atomic Structure Atoms are composed of 2 regions: Nucleus: the center of the atom that contains the mass of the atom Electron cloud: region that surrounds the nucleus that contains most of the space in the atom Nucleus Electron Cloud

What’s in the Nucleus? The nucleus contains 2 of the 3 subatomic particles: Protons: positively charged subatomic particles Neutrons: neutral subatomic particles *Protons and neutrons have the same mass.

What’s in the Electron Cloud? The 3rd subatomic particle resides outside of the nucleus in the electron cloud Electron: the subatomic particle with a negative charge and relatively no mass

How do these particles interact? Protons and neutrons exist compacted in the tiny positively charged nucleus accounting for most of the mass of the atom The negatively charged electrons are small and have relatively no mass but occupy a large volume of space outside the nucleus

How do the subatomic particles balance each other? In an atom: The protons = the electrons If 20 protons are present in an atom then 20 electrons are there to balance the overall charge of the atom—atoms are neutral The neutrons have no charge; therefore they do not have to equal the number of protons or electrons

Open your textbook or your agenda to the page containing a periodic table of elements (132-133).

How do we know the number of subatomic particles in an atom? Atomic number: this number indicates the number of protons in an atom Ex: Hydrogen’s atomic number is 1 So hydrogen has 1 proton Ex: Carbon’s atomic number is 6 So carbon has 6 protons **The number of protons identifies the atom. Ex. 2 protons = He, 29 protons = Cu Point out these numbers on a periodic table in the room or have students access the periodic table in the textbook (pages 132-133 or near the back cover).

Think Pair Share With your partner, find the atomic number of each element has: Student A: Carbon (C) Student B: Potassium (K) Student A: Beryllium (Be) Student B: Helium (He) **After you have completed your element, share with your group.

How do we know the number of subatomic particles in an atom? Mass number: the number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus Ex: Silicon can have a mass of 28. Since it has 14 proton it must have 14 neutrons # of neutrons = mass # - atomic #

Determining the number of protons and neutrons Li has a mass number of 7 and an atomic number of 3 Protons = 3 (same as atomic #) Neutrons= 7-3 = 4 (mass # - atomic #) Ne has a mass number of 20 and an atomic number of 10 Protons = 10 Neutrons = 20 - 10= 10

Try this example on your own!: Let’s check out Calcium (Ca)! Calcium’s Atomic Number = 20 Calcium’s Atomic Mass = 40 Calcium’s Neutrons = 20

Think Pair Share Decide how many protons and neutrons each element has. Student A: Carbon (C) Student B: Iodine (I) Student A: Silicon (Si) Student B: Iron (Fe)

What about the electrons? The electrons are equal to the number of protons So e- = p+ = atomic # Ex: Li has a mass # of 7 and an atomic # of 3 p+ = 3 no = 4 e- =3 Easy peasy lemon squeezy!… 

Think Ink Share Write your answers to the following and then share with your partner. How many electrons does Mercury (Hg) have? Barium (Ba)? Titanium (Ti)?

Determine the number of subatomic particles (all 3) in the following: Examples: 1. Find Chlorine (Cl) Cl has a mass # of 35 and an atomic # of 17 p+ = 17, no = 18, e- = 17 K has a mass # of 39 and an atomic # of 19 p+ = 19, no = 20 e- = 19

Think Ink Share Write your answers and then share with your partner. Find the number of protons, neutrons and electrons of the following: Titanium (Ti) Nickel (Ni) Copper (Cu)

How exactly are the particles arranged? Bohr Model of the atom: All of the protons and the neutrons The 3rd ring can hold up to 18 e- The 1st ring can hold up to 2 e- In this class we’ll focus on elements 1-18, so the third energy level will only have up to 8 electrons shown. The 2nd ring can hold up to 8 e-

What does carbon look like? Mass # = 12 atomic # = 6 p+ = 6 no = 6 e- = 6 6 p and 6 n exist in the nucleus

Homework Atomic Math Challenge

Exit Ticket Explain how we know the number of protons, electrons, and neutrons there are in the element Copper.