A+ for Energy® Energy Educator Training Conferences Sponsored by BP, Presented in Partnership with The NEED Project and NREL The California Energy Story

The California Energy Story Population: 36,671,648 – 1st Land Mass: 163,707 sq.mi, 3rd Per Capita Income - $41,571 Major Industries: Agriculture & Food processing Electronics & Aerospace Petroleum Computers & Computer Software Film Production Tourism

Quick Facts 3rd in the nation for refining capacity Most sophisticated refineries in the world – blending California blend fuels Low energy consumption due to favorable weather and energy efficiency measures Leads the nation in non-hydro renewable electricity generation Imports more electricity than any other state

California’s Energy Sources Petroleum (2005) In State 37.22% Alaska 20.99% Foreign 41.79% Electricity (2005) In-State 78.33% Natural Gas 37.71% Uranium 14.47% Large Hydro 17.03% Coal 20.07% Renewable 10.73% **Coal generation is located outside CA, but power is delivered to CA. Recent California Law forbids California utilities from entering into long-term contracts with conventional coal-fired power producers. Existing contracts expire in 2027.

California’s Energy Consumption Among the 50 states, California’s consumption: 1st in the commercial sector (1,472.8 trillion Btu) 3rd in the industrial sector (1,946.1 trillion Btu) 1st in the transportation sector (3,134.1 trillion Btu) 2nd behind Texas for energy consumption in the residential sector (1,431.3 trillion Btu) 2nd behind Texas for total energy consumption 2nd behind Texas for total electricity consumption (238,710 billion kilowatt-hours) However – it is 48th in per capita consumption. (232 million Btu)

California’s Electricity Generation The California ISO (Independent System Operator) provides minute by minute electricity generation data. California generates over 17,260 thousand MWh of electricity annually Top sources for California Electricity: Natural Gas 10,846 thousand MWh Hydroelectric 1,671 thousand MWh Uranium(Nuclear) 2,406 thousand MWh Coal 201 thousand MWh Other Renewables 1,903 MWh

California’s Energy Conservation The Good News! California uses less electricity per capita than the other 49 states: 6,732 kWh of electricity vs. U.S. 11,997 kWh California Energy Commission programs make saving energy easy and affordable. Flex Your Power Energy Star The CAISO Conserve-O-Meter helps the community make day-to-day energy conservation decisions.

California’s Energy for Transportation 51% of all energy in California is used by the Transportation Sector 28 million vehicles consume 16 billion gallons of gasoline, 3 billion gallons of diesel annually California is the 2nd largest consumer of gasoline in the world – behind the United States and just ahead of Japan. As of July 19, 2006, California was producing 813,571 barrels of CA blend gasoline a day. The average price per gallon is $4.10. 2006 is the most recent reported data.

California Petroleum In 2007, 18,090 thousand bbl of oil per year. 46,318 producing wells California accepts and refines crude oil from a number of sources. All crude oils cannot be refined in all refineries Bbl = barrel

California Oil CA refineries process 2 million barrels of oil each day, about 50% of it into gasoline. 2,037,188bbl/day (11.7% of total U.S.) BP’s Carson Refinery processes the largest number of bbl per day in CA - 260,000 bbl From 1985 to 1995, 10 CA refineries closed, reducing refining capacity by 20 %. CA 21 refineries invested $5.8 billion to upgrade facilities to produce CA blend gasoline and clean diesel.

Natural Gas In 2007, California had 1,451 natural gas wells producing 315,209 mcf (million cubic feet) of natural gas per year. In the last decade, the number of gas wells producing has increased, but production from mature gas fields is declining. California pipelines carry natural gas to power plants for generation of electricity and to industry for products and manufacturing.

Uranium/Nuclear Power California needs 55,000 megawatts of electricity on an sunny summer day. Most is generated from natural gas, but nuclear power from California’s four reactors provide 18% of the electricity needed in the state. PG&E’s Diablo Canyon and SCE’s San Onofre produce this 18% - 35,594 million kWh.

California’s Renewable Resources Great potential, but only 10.73 % of electricity is from wind, solar, geothermal, biomass and small hydropower. California produces 21% of U.S. renewable electricity. Large hydropower assets generate another 14.9 percent of electricity. (1,672 thousand MWh) In 2002, the Renewable Portfolio Standard was established, with the goal of increasing the percentage of renewable energy in the state’s mix to 20% by 2017--efforts to move date to 2010. Goal of 33% (for California) Renewable sources for electricity by 2010. Note: Large Hydropower (>30mW) and unregulated Biomass production are not included as “Renewable”.

California Biomass California’s biomass resources include wood, garbage, and agricultural waste from California’s vast farming industry. California produces 60 million dry tons of biomass each year. 1/12, or 5 million tons is burned in waste-to-energy plants to generate electricity. If all 60 million tons were used, California could generate 2,000 megawatts of electricity from biomass alone – enough for 2,000,000 homes. Interesting note: PG&E’s Cowpower program takes methane produced in the CA agricultural market and generates electricity.

Geothermal California has 25 known geothermal resource areas (14 of which have 300 degree F resources). City of San Bernardino heats 37 buildings with geothermal energy using heated fluids moved through 15 miles of pipelines. Their Blood Bank and Animal Shelter are among facilities using this resource.

California Geothermal California Geothermal resources generate 40% of the world’s geothermal electricity. California generates 1,900 megawatts of Geothermal electricity – 4.9% of California’s total electricity needs. The state has the potential of 4,000 megawatts of additional power with advancing Geothermal technology.

California Solar Concentrating Solar Generation: Solar Two located in the Mojave Desert uses 1800 mirrors to superheat fluids that in turn, boil water to generate steam. Concentrating Solar Power has the potential to generate power for 10,000 homes and with other power stations brought on-line up to 200,000 homes. Small and Large Scale Installations: California’s progressive solar incentives programs encourage use of solar. Facilities like the Moscone Center in San Francisco and Chevron E&P in Taft generate over 600,000 watts of power. SMUD alone produces 3,090,000 of solar electric power. Concentrating Solar Prospects

California Wind In 2004, turbines in wind farms generated 4,258 gigawatts of electricity. 1.5% of California’s electricity. That 1.5% is enough electricity to light a city the size of San Francisco. Small wind in California is growing with incentives and residential/small commercial installation.

California Energy Resources California Energy Commission www.energy.ca.gov Energy Information Administration www.eia.doe.gov California Public Utility Commission www.cpuc.ca.gov Nuclear Energy Institute www.nei.org National Renewable Energy Laboratory www.nrel.gov