Starter Quiz What ions are produced by acids and alkalis?

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

Topic 5 Acids in Action.

Advertisements

Chemistry My family and home 03/07/2015. Acids and bases (alkalis) Used by the body, used in other processes: such as food, farming and chemical industries.

Calderglen High School

CHEMISTRY DEPARTMENT WAID ACADEMY Standard Grade Topic 9.

Chemical Synthesis Lesson 2. Learning objective: To explain the reactions involving acids. Must: Describe the pH scale. Grade D Must: Describe what happens.

Making Salts Soluble salt Insoluble salt Acid + excess insoluble solid

Ions In Solution.

MAKING SALTS 27/08/2015. Making Soluble Salts There are 3 types of reaction that can be used to make soluble salts. All 3 involve: An Acid A metal or.

Reactions of Acids Neutralisation

 Acid-Base Reactions A “Basic” Introduction. Acids  Ionize in aqueous solutions to form H + ions  Memorize the 7 strong acids (completely ionize, never.

12.6 – How can we use ions in solutions?

Solutions & Acid and Base Review Game Chemistry. Name the Acid  HBr.

Synthesis and Analysis. Learn how to prepare a sample of an insoluble salt ( page 35 ) Learn to write a word equation for a precipitation reaction to.

Acids and bases. acids Always contain hydrogen. Always contain hydrogen. Strong or weak acids. Strong or weak acids. Common properties Sour Sour Gritty.

Making salts All Must: Be able to describe how universal indicator can be used estimate the pH of a solution and identify the strength of an acid. Most.

Balancing chemical equations. WRITING CHEMICAL EQUATIONS Chemical equations should show : (a) formulas of the reactants & products (b) their states of.

Converting Hydrogen Ion Concentrations to pH Practice Problems.

Say we start with a strong alkali containing Universal indicator, and gradually add acid The alkali will gradually get.

Reactions. DON’T COPY pink WRITING. Acid + base This is a common reaction and needs to be remembered for exams. ACID + BASE -> SALT + WATER E.g. hydrochloric.

Acids… Learning objectives: Know that salts are formed from reactions with acids. Know how to write correct word equations. Know what salts are formed.

pH What is the pH of an ACID? Which type of OXIDE forms an ALKALI? Which type of OXIDE forms an ACID? What happens to the pH of an ACID when it is diluted?

Quiz on acids and alkalis. Using the quiz... Click through the quiz to see the questions and answers. Remember it is MUCH better to try to think of the.

Salts By Amy Badger.

Calderglen High School

CCBAB Compound ABCompound CD AD Compound ADCompound CB D ++ Magnesium Chloride MgCl 2 Calcium Hydroxide Ca(OH) 2 Magnesium Hydroxide Mg(OH) 2 Calcium Chloride.

Ionic equations A chemical equation shows the number of atoms and molecules of the reactants and products. Also shows physical state of reactants and products.

Acids and Alkalis Year 11. CONTENTS Acidity and alkalinity Indicators pH Acids General methods for making salts Making salts from metal oxides Making.

Acid + Metal Reactions. Starter: Use a green pen to work through your exercise book and respond to the comments I have given after you work.

Reactions of Metals Metal Reactions Metal + acid Metal + oxygen Metal + water.

1. Where would vinegar come on the Ph scale? 2. Where would normal rain come on the Ph scale? 3. Where would Bleach come? 4. Where would Washing up liquid.

Solubility Noadswood Science, 2012.

iGCSE chemistry Section 4 lesson 1

Revision of C6 Chemical synthesis. To provide food additives, fertilisers,, paints, pigments and pharmaceuticals. To provide food additives, fertilisers,

Acids and Bases.  Acids and bases  Dissociation of water into hydrogen and hydroxide ions.  pH is related to the concentration of hydrogen and hydroxide.

Exercise 1 – identifying reactants and products

Chemical Changes and Structure

Acids and Alkalis.

Acids, bases & salts Revision.

Making more salts Baseline (Flightpath D): Safely make a salt by reacting a metal carbonate with a dilute acid. Write a general word equation for metal.

Dilution and Reactions of Acids

Acids and Alkalis Grade 10.

Mini test – write the formulae for

Starter Quiz What is the pH scale? What does it measure?

Making salts All Must: Be able to describe how to neutralise an acid

Required practical – Use PURPLE BOOKS

(from second year: Conservation of Mass Acids, Alkalis and Indicators)

Unit 6 – Aqueous Reactions and Solution Stoichiometry

12.6 – How can we use ions in solutions?

Reactions of Metals.

8.3 Preparation of salts Demonstrate knowledge and understanding of preparation, separation and purification of salts as examples of some of the techniques.

Tests for Ions Sunday, 11 November 2018

Metals and Acids 23/2/15 Starter: Prediction: What do you think will happen when metals are placed in acid. Explain your answer Success criteria- Record.

Neutralisation Starter: What ions are found in acids?

Reactions of acids AQA Chemical Changes 1 Reactivity of metals

Writing Equations Saturday, 24 November 2018.

Starter Write the balanced equations for the following:

Making salts All Must: Be able to describe how to neutralise an acid

2Fe2O3 + 3C → 4Fe + 3CO2 The reactivity series

Titration burette clamp ring stand burette erlenmeyer flask (buret)

TYPES OF CHEMICAL REACTIONS

Acid and Base Reactions

Electron Structure – Draw the electron structure of:

MAKING SALTS 21/06/2019.

Week 6 – Acids and Alkalis

Chemistry Chapter 4 – Chemical changes – reactivity series, reduction and oxidation Write the reactivity series in order from most reactive to the least.

Title: Acids and bases Complete the activities listed below

Presentation transcript:

Starter Quiz What ions are produced by acids and alkalis? Write the ionic equation for neutralisation. Why is water neutral? What is the difference between a strong acid and a weak acid? What is the effect of concentration on pH? If a 0.1 M HCl acid solution has a pH of 1, what is the concentration of a HCl acid solution with a pH of 2?

Practical: Changes in pH What was the shape of your pH graph? Does your graph include: Labelled axes Units Appropriate scale Title Smooth curve of best fit

L2: Neutralisation Reactions Learning Objectives: Write word equations for neutralisation reactions. Predict the products of neutralisation reactions. Describe how to produce a pure, dry sample of a soluble salt. Required Practical 8: Prepare a pure, dry sample of a soluble salt Write formulae of salts produced. Write balanced equations for neutralisation reactions.

Neutralisation Reactions Ionic equation for neutralisation: H+ comes from the acid. OH- comes from the alkali. This is called neutralisation because the product is neutral water, the H+ and OH- ions (which determine pH) are removed. What happens to the other ions in solution?

General Equation: Neutralisation Reactions Acid + Alkali  Salt + Water Example: HCl + NaOH  NaCl + H2O

Salts Salts are ionic compounds made from a positive metal ion and a negative non-metal ion. They are pH neutral. Examples: Sodium chloride (NaCl) – table salt NOTE: the salt that we eat is only one salt out of a large group of compounds with this name.

Salts Produced Acid Reacted Salt Produced Hydrochloric Acid – HCl NOTE: We will learn how to write these formulas in just a bit. Acid Reacted Salt Produced Hydrochloric Acid – HCl Metal Chloride – MxClx Nitric Acid – HNO3 Metal Nitrate – Mx(NO3)x Sulfuric Acid – H2SO4 Metal Sulfate – Mx(SO4)x

Other Bases Also Neutralise Acids Alkalis are soluble substances that produce OH- ions. Example: soluble metal hydroxides (sodium hydroxide, NaOH). Bases are any substances that reacts with acids, they can be insoluble. Reactions of Other Bases with Acids Acid + Metal Hydroxide  Salt + Water Acid + Metal Oxide  Salt + Water Acid + Metal Carbonate  Salt + Water + Carbon Dioxide NOTE: insoluble hydroxides react the same way as soluble ones!

Practice Complete question 7 on your worksheet.

Answers Hydrochloric acid + magnesium hydroxide  magnesium chloride + water Sulfuric acid + potassium oxide  potassium sulfate + water Hydrochloric acid + sodium carbonate  sodium chloride + water + carbon dioxide. Sulfuric acid + barium oxide (or barium hydroxide)  barium sulfate + water Nitric acid + lithium carbonate  lithium nitrate + water + carbon dioxide

L2: Neutralisation Reactions Learning Objectives: Write word equations for neutralisation reactions. Predict the products of neutralisation reactions. Describe how to produce a pure, dry sample of a soluble salt. Required Practical 8: Prepare a pure, dry sample of a soluble salt Write formulae of salts produced. Write balanced equations for neutralisation reactions.

Experimental Technique: Producing a pure, dry sample of a soluble salt Step 1: Neutralisation reaction React an acid with an insoluble base (solid) until no more reacts to produce desired salt Step 2: Filtration Filter out the excess solid to produce a solution of the soluble salt. Step 3: Crystallisation Evaporate off the water to crystallise the salt and produce a solid salt sample.

Required Practical 8: Producing a pure, dry sample of a soluble salt We will be preparing a sample of copper sulfate. Read the method and follow it EXACTLY. Safety: 1.0M dilute sulfuric acid (IRRITANT) copper(II) oxide (HARMFUL) copper(II) sulfate (HARMFUL) Bunsen burners (FIRE HAZARD)

L2: Neutralisation Reactions Learning Objectives: Write word equations for neutralisation reactions. Predict the products of neutralisation reactions. Describe how to produce a pure, dry sample of a soluble salt. Required Practical 8: Prepare a pure, dry sample of a soluble salt Write formulae of salts produced. Write balanced equations for neutralisation reactions.

Writing Ionic Formulae Remember that charges need to balance out for ionic compounds. Na = +1 Cl = -1 (+1) + (-1) = 0 = balanced Formula = NaCl

Writing Ionic Formulae Mg = +2 Cl = -1 (+2) + (-1) = +1 = unbalanced Use 2Cl = -2 (+2) + 2(-1) = 0 = balanced Formula = MgCl2

Writing Ionic Formulae Mg = +2 NO3 = -1 (+2) + (-1) = +1 = unbalanced Use 2 NO3 = -2 (+2) + 2(-1) = 0 = balanced Formula = Mg(NO3)2 [NO3]- [Mg]2+ [NO3]-

Ion Charges You Need to Know Hydrogen = +1 H+ Chloride = -1 Cl- Nitrate = -1 NO3- Sulfate = -2 SO42- Hydroxide = -1 OH- Carbonate = -2 CO3-2 NOTE: remember that the charge on a monatomic ion corresponds to the group on the periodic table!

Practice Complete question 11 on your worksheet.

Answers Potassium nitrate KNO3 (salt) Magnesium sulfate MgSO4 (salt) Nitric acid HNO3 (acid) Calcium carbonate CaCO3 (base) Potassium sulfate K2SO4 (salt) calcium nitrate Ca(NO3)2 (salt) Aluminium oxide Al2O3 (base)

L2: Neutralisation Reactions Learning Objectives: Write word equations for neutralisation reactions. Predict the products of neutralisation reactions. Describe how to produce a pure, dry sample of a soluble salt. Required Practical 8: Prepare a pure, dry sample of a soluble salt Write formulae of salts produced. Write balanced equations for neutralisation reactions.

Balanced Neutralisation Equations Step 1: Write the word equation Sulfuric acid + lithium hydroxide  lithium sulfate + water Step 2: Write the correct formulae for all reactants and products H2SO4 + LiOH  Li2SO4 + H2O Step 3: Balance the equation H2SO4 + 2LiOH  Li2SO4 + H2O

Practice Complete question 12 on your worksheet.

2HCl + Mg(OH)2  MgCl2 + H2O H2SO4 + K2O  K2SO4 + H2O Answers 2HCl + Mg(OH)2  MgCl2 + H2O H2SO4 + K2O  K2SO4 + H2O 2HCl + Na2CO3  2NaCl + H2O + CO2 H2SO4 + BaO  BaSO4 + H2O 2HNO3 + Li2CO3  2LiNO3 + H2O + CO2

L2: Neutralisation Reactions Learning Objectives: Write word equations for neutralisation reactions. Predict the products of neutralisation reactions. Describe how to produce a pure, dry sample of a soluble salt. Required Practical 8: Prepare a pure, dry sample of a soluble salt Write formulae of salts produced. Write balanced equations for neutralisation reactions.

Homework Complete the worksheet on balancing neutralisation equations.