Refugee crisis in Europe An update Contents of this PowerPoint: Definitions of refugee and migrant Syria: Context, statistics, what is CAFOD doing? Refugee crisis in Europe: Context, statistics, what is CAFOD doing? Calais: Context, statistics and info, what is Caritas doing? Photo credit: Refugees queuing for the ferry boat to Athens. Ben White/CAFOD PowerPoint updated: October 2016. JCP.

Refugees and migrants: causes and consequences People’s lives are in danger and/or they lack basic human rights. For example, due to war. People need to travel to safety, they become refugees. They move to a nearby country or further afield. They remain vulnerable to not having their human rights met*. People face extreme poverty. The causes of poverty are complex. People want to travel to work to support themselves and their families, they become migrants. They move to a nearby country or further afield. They become vulnerable to not having their human rights met. Further information: *In addition to refugees, there are Internally displaced people. Internally displaced people (IDPs) have not crossed a border to find safety. Unlike refugees, they are on the run at home. While they may have fled for similar reasons, IDPs stay within their own country and remain under the protection of its government, even if that government is the reason for their displacement. As a result, these people are among the most vulnerable in the world. Source: unhcr.org/uk/internally-displaced-people.html. Accessed 5.10.16 UNHCR: Migrant or refugee? Available from: unhcr.org/uk/news/latest/2016/7/55df0e556/unhcr-viewpoint-refugee-migrant-right.html. Globally, 51% of refugees are under 18 years of age. Source: UNHCR, Global Trends 2016. Available from: www.unhcr.org/uk/statistics/unhcrstats/576408cd7/unhcr-global-trends-2015.html?query=global%20trends

This presentation will cover... Syria Calais Refugee crisis in Europe

What is happening in Syria? There has been a civil war in Syria since 15 March, 2011. This has caused one of the worst humanitarian crises of our time. More than half the country’s pre-war population are in need of urgent humanitarian aid – food, water, shelter and protection. Sources: More than half the country’s pre-war population are in need of urgent humanitarian aid. Available from: cafod.org.uk/News/Emergencies-news/Syria-Q-A. Accessed 5.10.16 Photo credit: CAFOD supports psychosocial projects with children in Syria, Lebanon, Jordan and Turkey, helping them to come to terms with what they've experienced. This work often involves children drawing pictures, playing games or making puppets to help them express their feelings. The pictures - like these ones from a Caritas Syria project in Damascus - are often shocking. Caritas Inernationalis

The situation in Syria now Before the conflict, Syria had around 22 million citizens. 8.7 Syrians are displaced within Syria. 4.8 million Syrians are refugees in other countries. More than 300,000 have been killed. Syria Sources: Before the conflict, Syria had around 22 million citizens now it has around 16.6 citizens. Available from: economist.com/blogs/graphicdetail/2015/09/daily-chart-18. Accessed 28.9.16 4.8 million refugees and 8.7 internally displaced people. Available from: unhcr.org/uk/syria-emergency.html. Accessed 28.9.16 More than 300, 000 have been killed. Available from: bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-37346656. Accessed 19.10.16 Picture credit: DMaps

Where are Syrian refugees? Most have stayed in the region around Syria. Turkey: 2.7 million Lebanon: 1 million Jordan: 656, 400 Around 1.2 million Syrians have registered in Europe. Sources: Syrian refugees in Turkey, Lebanon and Jordan. Available from: http://data.unhcr.org/syrianrefugees/regional.php. Accessed 12.10.16 Some have travelled to Europe. More than one million people arrived in Europe by sea in 2015, more than four times the previous year. About half of them came from Syria. UNHCR, Global Trends 2015, page 6. Available from: unhcr.org/uk/statistics/unhcrstats/576408cd7/unhcr-global-trends-2015.html. Accessed 28.9.16 1.2 million Syrians have registered for asylum in Europe between April 2011 and August 2016. Available from: data.unhcr.org/syrianrefugees/regional.php Picture credit: data.unhcr.org/syrianrefugees/regional.php

How is CAFOD supporting Syrians? CAFOD has been working with partners in Syria since early 2012, ensuring that people affected by the crisis have food, relief supplies and safe places to stay. We are supporting Syrian refugees in Syria, Lebanon, Jordan Turkey and Iraq. Photo credit: CAFOD/Tabitha Ross

How is CAFOD supporting Syrians? We are supporting Church partners in Syria, who are providing food parcels, medical aid and relief supplies and helping people to find safe places to stay, in areas held by both government and opposition forces. Lebanon We are working with our partner, Caritas Lebanon, to provide medical services. Caritas Lebanon also supports with food, shelter, legal assistance and with psycho-social counselling. Jordan In 2015, our partner Caritas Jordan helped over 220,000 migrants and refugees with food, shelter, water and sanitation, as well as support for education and creating safe areas for vulnerable refugees. Turkey We have worked with our local partners to distribute food vouchers to vulnerable families and have supported counselling and child friendly spaces. Iraq We are working in Iraq to help our Church partners to respond to the urgent needs of families forced from their homes, with food, water and shelter. Source: Available from: cafod.org.uk/News/Emergencies-news/Syria-Q-A. Accessed 5.10.16 Picture credit: DMaps Further information: CAFOD works through partner organisations, especially Caritas Internationalis partners. CAFOD is a member of Caritas Internationalis - a global Catholic organisation which aims to promote justice and assist those living in poverty. Syria: We are also helping people in northern Syria make a living Lebanon: Over the winter, we also provided items such as blankets and mattresses for vulnerable Syrian families facing the harsh winter in informal settlements in the Bekaa Valley.

What is happening in Europe? Turkey Italy Serbia Syria The refugee crisis in Europe. Picture credit: DMaps Greece Iraq Libya

Many people are taking the perilous journeys by sea to Europe Many people are taking the perilous journeys by sea to Europe. Many landed on Greek islands. Photo credit: Refugees approaching the shore in Greece from Turkey. CAFOD/Ben White

The refugee crisis in Europe More one million refugees and migrants risked their lives to cross the Mediterranean Sea into Europe during 2015. The majority are fleeing conflict in Syria, Afghanistan and elsewhere. More than 3,654 people have died while making the dangerous sea crossing to Europe so far in 2016. The UN reports that 318,280 refugees have reached Europe by sea since the start of 2016.  Sources: One million refugees and migrants, more than half came from Syria. 2 UNHCR, Global Trends 2015, page 6. Available from: unhcr.org/uk/statistics/unhcrstats/576408cd7/unhcr-global-trends-2015.html. Accessed 28.9.16 3,654 have died crossing the Mediterranean so far. Available from: data.unhcr.org/mediterranean/regional.php. Accessed 19.10.16 318,280 have reached Europe by sea in 2016 so far. Available from: data.unhcr.org/mediterranean/regional.php. Accessed 19.10.16 Photo credit: Refugees approaching the shore in Greece from Turkey. CAFOD/Ben White

Picture credit and source: Available from: data. unhcr Picture credit and source: Available from: data.unhcr.org/mediterranean/regional.php. Accessed 19.10.16

Tents where refugees stay in Lesbos in Greece after arriving from Turkey. The islands are still trying to build shelters that can cope with the influx of people. Picture credit: Caritas Internationalis/Arie Kievit Cordaid

Men receiving mats and sleeping bags. Picture credit: Men receiving mats and sleeping bags in Lesbos, Greece. Caritas Internationalis/Arie Kievit Cordaid. Men receiving mats and sleeping bags.

This student from Afghanistan helped Caritas with translation. Many refugees are from Syria but others are fleeing from countries such as Afghanistan. This student from Afghanistan helped Caritas with translation. When offered a sleeping bag to say thank you, he refused to accept it as other people needed it more than he did. Picture credit: CAFOD (TBC)

Many refugees make their way through Europe Many refugees make their way through Europe. Several European countries have put greater controls on their borders. Picture credit: Refugees in Greece waiting to board a train to Serbia. Caritas Greece/Matthieu Alexandre This has led to many people becoming stranded in terrible conditions on the borders of countries.

How is CAFOD responding the Refugee crisis in Europe? Greece We are directly supporting Caritas Greece (Caritas Hellas), who have been providing food, water, shelter, weather-proof and warm clothing and sleeping bags to thousands of refugees. Serbia We have supported our partners Caritas Hellas and Caritas Serbia with grants totalling £310,000. Greece In March 2016 we pledged £100,000 to Caritas Hellas to support them installing basic chemical toilets and shower facilities at Idomeni. In Athens at Piraeus Port, Caritas Hellas reached more refugees by providing food for people who were anxiously waiting the next stage on their onward journey. We are a member of Caritas Internationalis - a confederation of Catholic aid agencies across the globe. Our European sister agencies in the Caritas network are on the frontline providing vital aid to refugees in almost every country in Europe. Source: Available from: cafod.org.uk/News/International-news/Refugee-crisis-Q-A. Accessed 6.10.16 Picture credit: DMaps

What next? Further resources and how to respond to the refugee crisis: cafod.org.uk/secondary Look at the lost family portraits of refugee families and find out more about their stories: cafod.org.uk/lostfamilyportraits Find out more about the work of CSAN: csan.org.uk Follow @CAFOD and @CSANwire on twitter for updates on CAFOD’s and CSAN’s work with refugees. Fundraise, raise awareness, welcome refugees in your community and pray for those affected by conflict.

Photo credit: CAFOD