Subnetting Divide a network to smaller networks (subnets) Reasons

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Presentation transcript:

Subnetting Divide a network to smaller networks (subnets) Reasons Reduce network traffic Improve network performance Management Allocate host bits for subnet bits Make use of subnet masks Subnetting (YOUNG)

Subnet Mask A 32-bit string All 1s and then all 0s, they never mix It specifies number of bits for network ID in an IP address Network Class ID Subnet ID Host ID Network ID Subnetting (YOUNG)

Subnet Mask (Example I) IP address: 190.138.23.45 Subnet Mask: 255.255.0.0 Network ID: 190.138.0.0 Host ID: 23.45 Subnetting (YOUNG)

Subnet Mask (Example II) IP Address: 201.100.26.171 Subnet Mask: 255.255.255.192 11111111.11111111.11111111.11000000 First 26 bits as network ID, therefore Network ID: 201.100.26.128 Host ID: 43 Subnetting (YOUNG)

Subnet Mask (Example III) Design a subnet mask for a Class B network with 25 subnets Number of bits for subnet = lg(25+2) = 5 Number of bits for network ID = 16+5=21 Subnet mask is 11111111.11111111.11111000.00000000 255.255.248.0 Subnetting (YOUNG)

Subnet Mask (Example IV) Given IP address 203.59.43.134 and subnet mask 255.255.255.192, find valid host range in this subnet Network ID: 203.59.43.128 All 0 and all 1 host IDs are reserved, therefore 203.59.43.129 – 203.59.43.190 Number of hosts 62 To verify: 62 = 26-2 Subnetting (YOUNG)