Ughhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh monday. A Clicker Question 6.6 Notes UNIT 6 TEST – Tuesday, Wednesday, OR Thursday night Random Fact of the Day A turkey’s gender can be determined from its droppings–males produce spiral-shaped poop and females’ poop is shaped like the letter j.

Question… Which best characterized Enlightened Despotism? The monarch is an educated person who exercises absolute authority solely as he sees fit The monarch encourages the spread of Deism and rationalism The monarch believes in the people's ultimate right to, and capability for, self-rule The monarch rules with absolute authority for the good of the people The monarch supports and fosters the growth of democracy

18th Century Political Scene 6.6 PETS: NONE

Some British Things What Happens After the Glorious Revolution

Progression of the Monarchy William and Mary Anne (sister of Mary, daughter of James II) Last Stuart monarch of England Hanover House The Hanovers were a German family who were cousins of the Stuarts George I and George II did not speak English Damages the prestige of the Crown

England – The Cabinet System The cabinet became the most powerful executive body in Britain Cabinet Structure Leading ministers from House of Commons conducted country’s business The Prime Minister, member of the majority, was leader of government Robert Walpole led Cabinet as Prime Minister from 1721-1742

Act of Union – 1707 Act of Union, 1707 Unites England and Scotland into Great Britain Scotland desired to gain economic advantages by being united to England

18th Century Wars

Some Early 18th Century Wars War of Spanish Succession (1701-1712) CAUSE – possible Bourbon succession to Spanish throne Treaty of Utrecht (1713) helps England, allows Bourbon in Spain War of Jenkins Ear (1739-1748) Spain complains of British smuggling in the Atlantic Ear cut off of British captain, war commences

War of Austrian Succession (1740-1748) Maria Theresa becomes Queen of Austria, but Frederick the Great looking to expand Prussian Violation of Pragmatic Sanction of 1713 Prussia defeats Austria cause that’s how the world works France/Britain/Spain fighting each other at the same time across the world Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle (1748) Prussia gained Silesia Doubled Prussia’s population Prussia  most powerful of all the German states Status quo remains in the colonies

Seven Years War (1756-1763) Maria Theresa wanted Silesia back from Prussia Gained France and Russia as allies…all wanted to conquer Prussia and divide territory Diplomatic Revolution of 1756 France and Austria, traditional enemies, now allied against Prussia Britain supports Prussia…sees Prussia as a better check on France than Austria France and Britain continue to fight in the new world (French and Indian War) Thanks to George Washington?

Seven Years War Bloodiest war since 30 Y War Prussia outnumbered 15 to 1 Prussia suffered 180K dead & endless disruptions…near death Russian czar Peter III pulls out of the war, which saves Prussia

Treaty of Paris (1763) Most important treaty since Westphalia (1648) Results Prussia permanently retained Silesia France lost all its colonies in North America to Britain Significance Prussia’s strength is solidified Britain becomes the powerhouse