What’s the relationship between structure and function in a leaf?

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Presentation transcript:

What’s the relationship between structure and function in a leaf? What’s in a Leaf What’s the relationship between structure and function in a leaf?

Model 1 – Leaf Sun-Catcher Sun (energy), Water (liquid), Carbon Dioxide Water (gas), Oxygen, Sugars Water Central Vein

Water has changed from a liquid to a gas.

Equation for Photosynthesis Using above equation: Reactants? Carbon Dioxide and Water Reactants enter? Carbon Dioxide through stomata (underside of leaf), Water through roots to stem (xylem) and then central vein of leaf Products? Sugars and Oxygen Products exit? Oxygen through the stomata, Sugars through the veins

7) Matter OR Energy ? Solar (light) Energy Chemical Energy (C-C and C-H bonds)

Model 2 – Cross Section of a Leaf Layers: Cuticle Upper epidermis (skin) Palisade mesophyll (middle) Spongy mesophyll (middle) Lower epidermis (skin) Cuticle Vein position Model 1 - Central vein in middle with other veins branching off Model 2 – Between palisade and spongy mesophyll

Model 2 – Cross Section of a Leaf Veins: get water to all parts of the plant … the leaf requires water to help make sugar Sunlight enters Water enters (liquid) Carbon dioxide enters Sugar exits Oxygen exits Water (gas) exits Xylem (liquid water) Phloem (sugar)

Palisade mesophyll and guard cells have chloroplasts Palisade and guard cells (chloroplasts conduct photosynthesis) Chlorophyll (green pigment) are mostly in Palisade mesophyll Light goes through cuticle and upper epidermis Palisade mesophyll have lots of chloroplasts, arranged vertically, tightly packed, and larger. More cells = More chloroplasts = More photosynthesis

Most light is absorbed before reaching the spongy mesophyll If Upper epidermis had chloroplast it would decrease light reaching the Palisade layer Epidermis functions like skin to protect what’s inside a leaf The cuticle is “water-tight” to prevent water from escaping. Water must be used for the plant to photosynthesize.

Lower surface Stoma is between guard cell Stoma is an opening Water can exit through the stoma when open … good or bad? Guard cells regulate the opening and closing of the stoma just like “gates” Stoma open = access to more air space Air space = oxygen, carbon dioxide, water

Stomata are closed … what happens? Water and Oxygen stay in the plant. Upside? Carbon Dioxide cannot enter. Downside? Cuticle and stomata work together. How so? Water regulation!

28 & 29 Use your sentences tracing the pathway or reactants entering the leaf and products exiting the leaf to draw a picture of the equation of photosynthesis.

Extension Questions Plants with larger leaves … advantage or disadvantage? Cacti … what structures give an advantage or disadvantage? Aquatic plants … adaptations? Knowledge of Plant Cells Water storage? Large Vacuole Sugar destination? Go to mitochondria (energy) Cell wall function? Structure and strength so leaf is lifted up toward the light