Welcome to GOVERNMENT Class! Everything you really wanted to know about the government, but really didn’t care to ask.

Begin making your first Unit Packet: You will need 3 pieces of paper. Notes for Unit 0 PPT Four Square Appointment Clock

Unit 0 Introduction to Government

Part One: Answering the Basics… What is government? What does a government do? Why do we need government? What makes a government “good”? What kinds of governments are there? What is the purpose of government? Could you answer this question?

What is government? Government is an organization people create to make laws that protect the community. Using Cornell Note format, copy down what is in RED. Answer part of Ques. #1 from study guide

“Government Basics” What does a government do? Create a “Government Basics” 4 Square with the following titles: What does a government do? Why do people need a government? What are the limits of government? What makes a “good” government?

Create an Appointment Clock for 12, 3, 6, and 9 o’clock.

Appointment Time! 12 o’clock What does a government do? Bullet point your answers. Example: Create police departments

Examples of what a government does… Military/ fire and police departments Trash collection/ street cleaning Road and bridge building and maintenance Public transportation Public schools Electric company? Internet and cable service? Water provider?

3 o’clock Why do people need a government?

Why do people need government? People need governments to… provide protection and maintain “civil” order: prevent chaos and danger, allow commerce and trade.* *This is what makes a “civil” society. Answer the other part of Ques. #1 and #2

How much power should the government have? What should be its limits? 6 o’clock How much power should the government have? What should be its limits? Ex.: Do you think the government should have a say in our hair styles? Or have a curfew?

NEXT STEPS: Read Rousseau’s “What Makes a Good Government”. 9 o’clock What makes a good government? NEXT STEPS: Read Rousseau’s “What Makes a Good Government”.

So what makes a government “good”? Back to your notes… So what makes a government “good”? A government that is successful in accomplishing its goal of- protecting the people (even if it’s from itself!), and allowing them to prosper and grow. Answer Ques. #3

Part Two: What types of governments are there?

Anarchy* Oligarchy Autocracy* Democracy Types of Government Answer Ques. #4 Create another 4 square on the back of first.

1. Anarchy Believe in absolute freedom. All people should be self sufficient and therefore do not need to be under the protection of any formal government. They often are linked to terrorist organizations in an effort to destroy all governments, regardless of ideology.

2. Autocracy: Dictatorship Earliest form of government system created by force. A country ruled by a single leader. The leader might not have been elected and usually force to keep control. Also known as tyranny, dictatorship, or a monarchy. Saddam Hussein from Iraq.

King Egbert, the first recognized King of England 2. Autocracy: Monarchy Power is in the hands of a king, queen, emperor or empress. The ruling position can be passed on to the ruler’s heirs. In some traditional monarchies, the monarch has absolute power. But a constitutional monarchy, like the UK, also has a democratic government that limits the monarchy. King Egbert, the first recognized King of England

Cambodia is a constitutional monarchy Queen Elizabeth - United Kingdom-constitutional monarchy Qaboos Bin Said Al Said – Sultan of Oman is a limited monarchy Imperial household of Japan (ko shitsu) oldest continuous hereditary monarchy in the world. Akihito. Sheikh Sabah Al‑Ahmad Al‑Jaber Al‑Sabah. Kuwait is a constitutional monarchy Mswati III of Swaziland, Africa’s last absolute monarch in the world. Cambodia‑Sihamoni Cambodia is a constitutional monarchy Approximately 44 countries that have monarchs .

3. Oligarchy Governmental rulers are identical with the leaders of the dominant religion (theocracy) or ruling class. Governmental policies are either identical with or strongly influenced by the principals of the majority religion, philosophy, or ideology. Government often claims to rule on behalf of God or a higher power. Pope Francis is the leader of the smallest country in the world.

4. Democracy The government is elected by the people. Everyone who is eligible to vote has a chance to have their say in who runs the country. There are TWO types of democracies:

Direct Democracy People vote directly on issues. Better for a small community. Difficult for a large community.

Indirect Democracy People are represented by elected officials. Also known as a Republic. Or, a federal government. Better for large countries. Answer part of Ques. #5 (there will be more on these later)

Comprehension Check… What is a government? What is the purpose of government? What makes a “civil society”? What are the 4 main types of governments? What are the two types of democracy?

Practice Quiz NAME THAT GOVERNMENT… In England and other European countries, many victorious generals solidified their lands by passing them down to their children. Over time, these lands grew into kingdoms. Answer: Autocracy or Monarchy

Democracy NAME THAT GOVERNMENT: Answer: (direct) In 450 B.C. this Greek civilization assembled and all citizens voted on laws. A council of 500 prepared business for the assembly.

Autocracy or Dictatorship NAME THAT GOVERNMENT: The Nazi Party took over every aspect of this country’s social, economic & political life. Hitler quickly secured his power by ending the legislative and becoming an absolute ruler. Answer: Autocracy or Dictatorship

Theocracy NAME THAT GOVERNMENT: Answer: or Oligarchy In Iran, there is a president, but there are other religious leaders like Sayyed Ali Khamenei, whose job it is to make sure that all of Iran’s actions follow God’s laws first and foremost.

Republic NAME THAT GOVERNMENT: In this country some people are elected to make laws and some people are appointed officials. Answer: Republic or Indirect Democracy

Anarchy NAME THAT GOVERNMENT: Answer: Thankfully, none exist at this time. In this country people kill, steal, and fend for themselves!

Part Three: Political Parties What are political parties? What is the purpose of a political party? How do political ideologies work? What’s the difference between a Democrat and Republican? Why learn about this stuff? Warning: Quiz 1.1 coming up!

What is a political party? Organization of people who share similar ideas about the way the country should be governed. Examples: Democratic Party Republican Party Third Parties Green Party Libertarian Party Socialist Party Independent “No” Parties Answer the first part of Ques. #6

Purpose of Political Parties Nominate candidates. Educate the public on issues. Run election campaigns. Operate the government.

Political Ideologies Draw Chart “Liberal” type: concerned about the welfare of others and wants the gov’t to ensure equality and fairness and social welfare for everyone. “Conservative” type: mostly concerned about a limited government so people can maintain their independence and self-reliance. Left Wing Thinking Moderate Thinking Right Wing Thinking More Democrat More Independent More Republican

Watch Political Ideology video Which “type” are you? Watch Political Ideology video Journal: Which political Ideology do you think you follow? Liberal or Conservative? Provide examples of why your on the left or right. Min ½ page.

What’s the difference? Democrats Republicans Strong advocates for gun control. Everyone is equal and should be protected with social programs. Pro-Choice Favor labor unions and workers rights. Republicans Favor allowing the sale of firearms with fewer rules Believe that the fed. gov’t should not be financial responsible local problems. Pro-Life Favor entrepreneurs and fewer regulations Answer the other part of Ques. #6 Make a T Chart for the above information.

…But why learn about this stuff? People fight and die for their political beliefs. The quality of the government determines the quality of the air you breathe, the water you drink, the food you eat. It justifies whether you and your family can go to school or get a job or live in your neighborhood. It determines whether you will be sent to war, die of famine, or suffer starvation, or unjustly sent to prison.

QUIZ 1.1 20 points What is a government? 2 The purpose of government is to ___ the people. 2 A “civil” society prevents ____. 3 What are the 4 different types of government? 4 What are the three MAIN American political parties currently? 3 The difference between a Liberal and a Conservative is: A Liberal cares about ___ and a Conservative cares about ___. (Give a philosophy NOT an issue!) 4 Define Republic. 2