Further Exploration of Forms of Government Unit 7, Lesson 3

Who holds the power? Who is sovereign? A Select Group of People Forms of Government Who holds the power? Who is sovereign? One Person A Select Group of People The People

Who holds the power? Who is sovereign? A Select Group of People Forms of Government Who holds the power? Who is sovereign? Autocracy – unlimited power One Person A Select Group of People The People

Who holds the power? Who is sovereign? A Select Group of People Forms of Government Who holds the power? Who is sovereign? One Person A Select Group of People The People Gets or Keeps Power Turn and Talk: What are two ways leaders can get and keep power and authority to lead?

Who holds the power? Who is sovereign? A Select Group of People Forms of Government Who holds the power? Who is sovereign? One Person A Select Group of People The People Gets or Keeps Power By Force

Who holds the power? Who is sovereign? A Select Group of People Forms of Government Who holds the power? Who is sovereign? One Person A Select Group of People The People Gets or Keeps Power By Force Dictatorship

Who holds the power? Who is sovereign? A Select Group of People Forms of Government Who holds the power? Who is sovereign? One Person A Select Group of People The People Gets or Keeps Power By Heredity By Force Dictatorship Monarchy

Who holds the power? Who is sovereign? A Select Group of People Forms of Government Who holds the power? Who is sovereign? One Person A Select Group of People The People Gets and Keeps Power Theocracy Based on religious expertise

Who holds the power? Who is sovereign? A Select Group of People Forms of Government Who holds the power? Who is sovereign? One Person A Select Group of People The People Based on religious expertise Gets and Keeps Power Theocracy By Heredity By Force Dictatorship Monarchy

To What Extent Are There Limits on Power?

To What Extent Are There Limits on Power? CONSTITUTIONS ARE A WAY TO LIMIT POWER

While dictatorships have very few limits on their power, monarchies vary in terms of the limits on their power.

Monarchies Vary… Based upon the limits to power on the monarch Absolute Few or no limits to power Constitutional Some limits based on the constitution

Monarchies Vary… Based upon the limits to power on the monarch Absolute Few or no limits to power Constitutional Some limits based on the constitution

Do Citizens Have Rights? Under a dictatorship, citizens have few rights. Monarchies vary in terms of the rights citizens have.

Monarchies Vary… Based upon the amount of rights that citizens have Absolute Constitutional

Monarchies Vary… Based upon the amount of rights that citizens have Absolute Citizens have few or no rights Constitutional Citizens have rights protected by the constitution The amount of rights citizens have is usually reflected by the amount of power the monarch has!

What form of government? This country is ruled by one person There is a constitution that describes how the government should be run. The constitution permits the leader to do whatever he or she wants.

Who holds the power? Who is sovereign? A Select Group of People Forms of Government Who holds the power? Who is sovereign? One Person A Select Group of People The People Based on religious expertise Gets or Keeps Power Theocracy By Heredity By Force Dictatorship Monarchy

Who holds the power? Who is sovereign? A Select Group of People Forms of Government Who holds the power? Who is sovereign? One Person A Select Group of People -- Oligarchy The People

Who holds the power? Who is sovereign? A Select Group of People Forms of Government Who holds the power? Who is sovereign? One Person A Select Group of People -- Oligarchy The People Gets or Keeps Power By Force Junta

Forms of Government Who holds the power? Who is sovereign? One Person A Select Group of People -- Oligarchy The People Gets or Keeps Power By Force By Expertise Junta Theocracy (Religious expertise)

Limits to Power in Theocracies VARY Theocracies tend to have less power than dictators or monarchs. Theocracies tend to have more power than leaders in a democracy.

- Are dictated by religious rules - Tend to be very limited Do Citizens Have Rights? Under a theocracy, citizens’ rights: - Are dictated by religious rules - Tend to be very limited

Discussion Questions: ACTIVITY Share the results of your reading and answers with your team members, then discuss the questions below. Discussion Questions: What similarities exist between these two governments? How do these governments differ?

Who holds the power? Who is sovereign? A Select Group of People Forms of Government Who holds the power? Who is sovereign? One Person A Select Group of People The People When the people are sovereign and hold the power in a government

Who holds the power? Who is sovereign? A Select Group of People Forms of Government Who holds the power? Who is sovereign? One Person A Select Group of People The People Popular Sovereignty…. People Rule It is called Democracy!!!

How do leaders get or keep power in a democracy?

How do leaders get or keep power in a democracy? Through free and fair elections Stop and Jot: What does “free” mean? What does “fair” mean?

Freedom Summer, Mississippi 1964 Students around the world protesting against their government, including fighting for voting rights. Orange Revolution in Ukraine to reverse fraudulent presidential election in 2004 Freedom Summer, Mississippi 1964 Otpor resistance, against dictator Slobodan Milosevic in 2000

To What Extent Are There Limits on Power in a Democracy?

To What Extent Are There Limits on Power in a Democracy?

What limits are there on power? Constitutions can limit power of government! Democracies limit power by: Placing power in the hands of the people Describing in a document what power the people are giving government leaders Having free and fair elections Follow majority rule with minority rights Protecting specific rights such as freedom of speech and religion

What limits are there on power? The U.S. Constitution limits power by: Delegating only specific powers, and reserving the rest for the state and the people Separating legislative, executive, and judicial powers Providing checks and balances to power Establishing rule of law Through the Bill of Rights that guarantees specific rights By having free and fair elections

Under a democracy, citizens’ rights are: Do Citizens Have Rights? Under a democracy, citizens’ rights are: Limited by the protection of individual rights, including those of minorities Protected because the government Has only DELEGATED POWERS Only has the powers that the people give it In the United States, specific rights are protected are spelled out specifically in a document, such as our Bill of Rights.

Democracies Can Take Two Forms Presidential: The United States Parliamentary: Great Britain

Presidential

Presidential Citizens

Presidential Citizens elect Legislature

Presidential Citizens elect elect Legislature Executive

elect elect Presidential Citizens Legislature Executive Separation of Powers

Parliamentary Citizens

Parliamentary Citizens elect Legislature

Parliamentary Citizens elect Legislature select Executive

Parliamentary Citizens elect Legislature select Executive

elect select Parliamentary Citizens Joining of Powers Legislature Executive

Democracies Presidential Parliamentary Separation of Powers Citizens elect elect elect Legislature Executive Legislature select Executive Separation of Powers

Differences in Democracy Executive officer comes to power differently Presidential – voted on by citizens or through electors Parliamentary – selected by Parliament

Differences in Democracy Control over the executive differs Presidential - The people can replace the President through the regular election cycle Parliamentary – Parliament can replace him at any time after casting a no confidence vote

Differences in Democracy Speed of legislation differs when legislative and executive branches disagree Presidential - Due to separation of powers, tends to result in gridlock Parliamentary - Due to the power of the Parliament over the Prime Minister, the executive leader tends to be more cooperative with Parliament making it easier to pass laws more quickly or replace the Prime Minister

Differences in Democracy Executive officer comes to power differently Presidential – voted on by citizens or through electors Parliamentary – selected by Parliament Control over the executive differs Presidential - The people can replace the President through the regular election cycle Parliamentary – Parliament can replace him at any time after casting a no confidence vote Speed of legislation differs when legislative and executive branches disagree Presidential - Due to separation of powers, tends to result in gridlock Parliamentary - Due to the power of the Parliament over the Prime Minister, the executive leader tends to be more cooperative with Parliament making it easier to pass laws more quickly or replace the Prime Minister

One person Keeps power by force Few limits to power Citizens have few rights

Dictatorship One person Keeps power by force Few limits to power Citizens have few rights

One person Keeps power by hereditary succession Few limits to power Citizens have few rights

Absolute Monarchy One person Keeps power by hereditary succession Few limits to power Citizens have few rights

The people Gets and keeps power through free and fair elections Some limits to power Citizens have many rights

Democracy The people Keeps through free and fair elections Some limits to power Citizens have many rights

A select few Based on religious expertise Few limits to power Citizens have few rights

Theocracy A select few Get and keep power based on religious expertise Few limits to power Citizens have few rights

One person Based on hereditary succession Some limits to power Citizens have many rights

Constitutional Monarchy One person Based on hereditary succession Some limits to power Citizens have many rights

Comparing Forms of Government Efficient in carrying out decisions and policy

Comparing Forms of Government Efficient in carrying out decisions and policy Advantages of monarchies, dictatorships and theocracies

Comparing Forms of Government Clear line of succession

Comparing Forms of Government Clear line of succession Advantage of monarchies and some dictatorships (North Korea and Syria are examples)

Comparing Forms of Government Promotes change without violence

Comparing Forms of Government Promotes change without violence Advantage of democracies

Property of Oakland Schools Author: Carol Egbo Editor: Amy Bloom