Palletization Le Collisage Dover, Delaware - 2006

Objective Comprehend how to properly prepare cargo for movement in the 463L system Comprendre comment préparer proprement le cargo pour le déplacement dans le système 463L

Overview Apercu 463L System le système 463L Pallets les palettes Pallet Build-Up montage des palettes Married Pallets assemblage des palettes Tiedown Techniques techniques d’arrimage

463L System General

463L System Dual-Rail System Système de double rails Allows pallets to move smoothly through acft Permettre aux palettes d’entrer facilement dans l’avion

463L System Dual-Rail System Rollers are storable to convert the cargo deck to a smooth surface for loading wheeled cargo Les roulements peuvent être enlever pour convertir la platform (économiser de l’espace)

463L System Rails Side rails guide the pallets into the aircraft and provide lateral and vertical restraint Les rails de cotes dirigent les palettes dans l’avion et permettent une restriction latérale et verticale

463L System C-17 Logistic Rail Lock KC-10 Restraint Assembly Rails have special locks that prevent forward and rear aircraft movement of pallets during flight Les rails ont des fermetures spéciales qui préviennent des mouvements des palettes au cours du vol

Pallets Characteristics Made of corrosion resistant aluminum with a soft wood core framed on all sides by aluminum rails Desired load capacity of 7,500 lbs. (3402 kg) Pallets weighing less waste valuable aircraft cargo space

Pallets Characteristics 22 steel tie down rings Max cargo carrying capacity of 10,000 lbs. (4536 kg) when using nets 250 PSI(1.76 KSC) limitation 84” 213 cm Usable dimensions 104” 264 cm 88” 224 cm 108” 213 cm Pallet weighs 290 lbs (132 kg)

Pallet Nets 463L Net Sets Two side nets One top net A complete set of nets weighs 65 lbs (29 kg)

Pallets

Pallet Nets The nets have multiple adjustment points and may be tightened to conform snugly to most loads

Pallet Nets Adequate restraint is provided for: 10,000 lbs (4536 kg) of cargo with heights not exceeding 96”(244 cm) above the surface of the pallet, or…. 8,000 lbs (3629 kg) of cargo with height not exceeding 100”(254 cm) above the surface of the pallet

Pallet Nets Securing cargo Side nets can be used with seven straps instead of the top net Four on the 108” long side and three on the 88” short side, hooked to the highest row of side net rings

Pallet Nets Securing cargo This configuration of straps cinches the side nets up and provides vertical restraint for the cargo The seven strap option can restrain 10,000 lbs. (4536 kg) of cargo to a 463L pallet

Pallet Nets Top net only Provides adequate restraint for low profile items of cargo (up to 45” tall, 114cm) weighing up to 2,500 lbs. (1134 kg) (net cargo weight) If exceeded supplemental restraint will be required

Tiedown Techniques Required Restraint Use Nylon tiedown straps to provide restraint for single items or as supplemental restraint in conjunction with 463L pallet nets

Pallets Storage and Handling Always put adequate dunnage under 463L pallets: Aids in pallet movement Protects lower surface of pallet Minimum dimensions of each piece of dunnage is 4” x 4” x 88” (10 x 10 x 224 cm) All pallets are required to be shipped with dunnage and a complete net set (2 side/1 top), for both deployment and redeployment and must be provided by the user

Pallets Storage and Handling Pallets may be stacked 20 high for air shipment Up to 50 pallets high in storage areas.

Pallets Storage and Handling Protect the upper surface of the pallet Never push or slide 463L pallets across any solid surface Protect nets from adverse weather conditions

Pallets Storage and Handling Protecting nets: Hang and dry all nets after use Never pile wet nets together Nets can mildew Hooks can rust

Pallets Inspection Ensure serviceability: Do not use pallets if aluminum skin is separating or punctured The skin-to-rail bond is an important part of the pallet’s strength Use pallets with minor dents, gouges, and scratches that do not fracture the skin Keep pallets as clean as possible

Pallet Build-Up Palletized Cargo Distribute large and heavy objects evenly from the center of the pallet outward: Prevents pallet from becoming heavy on one end Maintains pallet center of balance

Pallet Build-Up Palletized Cargo Containers marked “this side up” must be placed upright Cargo with special labels should have labels facing outward

Hole in bottom of C-17 from battery packed upside down on pallet Hole in bottom of C-17 from battery packed upside down on pallet. Acid ate hole thru pallet and aircraft floor

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Pallet Build-Up Palletized Cargo Hazardous materials: Must be placed on the pallet with the label clearly visible and never buried or hidden Must be accessible in flight in case of leakage

Associate Intermodal Platform (AIP) 102” wide × 82” long × 8” thick 6,000 pound capacity

Associate Intermodal Platform (AIP) Material loaded and tied down on AIP Configured AIP placed on 463L pallet and restrained with 463L net set

Married Pallets Exceeding Pallet Dimensions When cargo exceeds the dimensions of a single pallet, you must join two or more pallets together

Married Pallets Exceeding Pallet Dimensions Equipment needed for build-up: High line Rollerized flatbed K-loader

Married Pallets Connecting Pallets Align the indents along the 108” side of each pallet Exceptions: C-17 – ADS align on 108” bias LRS align on 88” bias KC-10 – normally on 88” bias Install spacers between the pallets They keep the pallets aligned and properly spaced so pallets will lock into the aircraft rail system

Married Pallets Connecting Pallets The KC-10 uses a unique 1” spacer and can only accept two pallet trains (88” or 108” bias) Your affiliated CRE may be able to help you get any required spacers

Tiedown Techniques Key Points Use barriers and chain bridles The minimum thickness for the barrier is ¾”

Tiedown Techniques Key Points Use chains and tiedown devices for large items such as canned engines or palletized wheeled items

Tiedown Techniques Required Restraint Do not attach more than half of the required restraint, in a given direction to the axles of wheeled equipment

Tiedown Techniques Required Restraint Use 463L nets for multiple loose items Use chains for heavy items

Tiedown Techniques Required Restraint Do not use a mixture of nylon straps and metal chains to provide restraint in the same direction for any item of cargo The nylon can stretch forcing the metal chain to assume the entire applied load which could result in chain failure

Summary 463L System Pallets Pallet Build-Up Tiedown Techniques