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Presentation transcript:

Umm Al-Qura University بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم Umm Al-Qura University Health Sciences College at Al-Leith Department of Public Health Lecture (2)

Chemical Control Pesticides

Objectives 1/ Know Chemical Control and Pesticides. 2/ Define Classification of Pesticides.

Pesticides are chemicals that used singly or mixed with other substances to killing or reduce the vectors. The pesticides are generally classified into various groups based on: 1- Organism. 2- Chemical nature. 3- Mode of entry. 4- Mode of action.

Classification: 1/ Based on organisms: 1- Insecticides: Chemicals used to kill or control insects. 2- Rodenticides: Chemicals exclusively used to control rats. 3- Acaricides: Chemicals used to control mites. 4- Avicides: Chemicals used to repel the birds.

5- Molluscicides: Chemicals used to kill the snails 5- Molluscicides: Chemicals used to kill the snails. 6- Nematicides: Chemicals used to control nematodes. 7- Fungicides: Chemicals used to control fungi. 8- Bactericide: Chemicals used to control bacteria. 9- Herbicide: Chemicals used to control weeds.

2/ Based on chemical nature: a/ Inorganic Insecticides: 1- Sodium fluoride, NaF, use as an undiluted powder for the control of cockroaches. 2- Sodium fluorosilicate Na2SiF6 It is used as a toxicant for baits for grasshoppers and crickets.

3- Sulfur Used to control mites 3- Sulfur Used to control mites. 5- Sulfuryl fluoride, SO2F2 Sulfuryl fluoride has proved to be a highly toxic fumigant to many species of insects. 6- Paris green Kills as a stomach poison was formerly applied as a fine dust floating on water to kill Anopheles larvae. b/ organic Insecticides.

3/ Based on mode of entry 1- Stomach poison: The insecticide ingested during insect feeding in the digestive system of the insect and its kill. 2- Contact Poison: The toxicant which kill the pest by contact. 3- Fumigant: Toxicant enter the body of insect via tracheal system through spiracles.

4/ Based on mode of action 1- Physical poison: Toxicant kill insect by a physical effect. 2- Protoplasmic poison: Toxicant responsible for precipitation of protein. 3- Respiratory poison: Chemicals which inactivate respiratory enzymes. 4- Nerve poison: Chemicals inhibit impulse conduction. 5- Chitin inhibition: Chemicals inhibit chitin synthesis.

Question Q1- Classify the insecticides base on the following: 1- Organisms 2- Mode of entry 3- Mode of action

Thanks Radia 13