HYDRAIL: Fuel Cell Solutions for Rail Applications

The Future of Rail Propulsion The rail industry is looking to electric power as a clean energy alternative to polluting diesel engines Fuel cell propulsion offers the environmental benefits of an electric powertrain with the lower infrastructure cost of diesel

Electric Rail Applications Electric power offers substantially better energy efficiency, lower emissions and lower operating costs Applications include propulsion for shunting locomotives and light rail, as well as auxiliary power units

Fuel Cell Technology for Rail Applications Elements of the value proposition: Zero-emission operation Reduces GHG emissions in urban centres and at railyards Meets new emission regulations and objectives Quiet operation Reduces noise pollution Similar operability to diesel propulsion Extended range Improved infrastructure Central hydrogen refueling avoids cost of electricity-generation plant, transformers, and transmission lines No requirement for overhead catenary infrastructure for trams

Fuel Cell Rail – Ballard Experience Ballard fuel cell powered locomotives and trams have been tested and demonstrated globally USA Shunt locomotive delivered to BNSF Railway South Africa 6 mine locomotives delivered to Anglo American Platinum China 2 fuel cell trams undergoing testing, 10 more planned India 2 shunt locomotives fitted with 2kW auxiliary power units, add’l 20 units planned Japan JR East integrated and evaluated a fuel cell powered commuter train

Case Study: Fuel Cell Powered Trams for China

Addressing a Life-Threatening Issue 10/25/2017 Addressing a Life-Threatening Issue Transportation is a major contributor to air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions in China By K.K. REBECCA LAI and JEREMY C.F. LIN UPDATED Dec. 21. 2015 The United States Embassy in Beijing recorded on Monday night a PM2.5 index of more than 400, a hazardous level of particulate matter that poses serious respiratory risks in the general population. The city is on its second-ever red alert until Tuesday. Beijing Daily Median PM2.5 index is above 300 microgram/m^3 – on average it considered to be hazardous EVERYDAY.

Fuel Cell Powered Trams for China Ballard is currently supporting two fuel cell light rail projects in China Development programs: Partnership with CRRC Qingdao Sifang Co, Ltd. Develop and commercialize a fuel cell engine specifically designed for integration into low floor trams Partnership with CRRC Tangshan Railway Vehicle Co, Ltd. Development agreement to provide customized fuel cell module for Ground Transport Vehicle prototype

Project with CRRC Qingdao Sifang World’s first commercial fuel cell tram line in Gaoming district of Foshan, China Ballard FCveloCity®-XD200 modules delivered in 2016 Route operation of 8 trams to begin late 2017 to early 2018 Preliminary tram specifications Maximum speed = 70km/h Refill time = 3 minutes Range = 100km The world’s first hydrogen fuel cell powered fixed rail electric tram

Project with CRRC Tangshan Railway Customized 200kW fuel cell module for ground transport vehicle prototype First successful demonstration in May 2016 Tram powered by a hybrid system with fuel cells and supercapacitors

Project Details CRRC Qingdao Sifang CRRC Tangshan Railway 10/25/2017 Project Details CRRC Qingdao Sifang CRRC Tangshan Railway Scope of Work Develop 200kW fuel cell system for rooftop light rail applications Meet rail-specific design standards supplied by customer Deliverables 1 fuel cell system for engineering testing at Qingdao, China 9 fuel cell systems for revenue service in Foshan, China 1 fuel cell system for engineering testing in Tangshan, China Radiator(s) for fuel cell system Partners / Customers Sinohytec City of Foshan CRRC Tangshan Railway Vehicle Timing System 1 – May 2016 Systems 2-10 – Q4 2016 System 1 – Jan 2017 Current Status Assembly and factory acceptance testing underway Successful prototype demonstration Final design in progress

Fuel Cell Powered Shunt Locomotives

Fuel Cell Powered Shunt Locomotives A shunter locomotive moves railroad cars over short distances or within a rail yard Residential areas downwind of rail yards have elevated air pollution levels associated with diesel fuel combustion Fuel cells are an ideal zero-emission power alterative Electricity generated by the fuel cell modules is stored in batteries or fed directly to the locomotive’s high-voltage propulsion system Locomotives are refueled with hydrogen at a filling station located in the rail yard

BNSF Railway Demonstration Development of a prototype fuel cell powered shunt locomotive for urban rail applications A public-private project partnership comprised of Vehicle Projects Inc BNSF Railway Company The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Ballard Operational fuel cell locomotive prototype developed by BNSF

Fuel Cell Shunt Locomotive Layout

Shunt Locomotive Performance Gross Power 300 – 500 kW Mean observed power 85 – 150 kW Mean fuel usage 5.6 to 8 kg per hour On board H2 storage 60 kg at 350 bar Mean power plant efficiency 52%

FCveloCity® Motive Module for Rail Applications

FCveloCity® Motive Module Product Line The FCveloCity® motive module product line is designed to meet all motive application power requirements from 30kW to 200kW Product Series FCveloCity®-MD FCveloCity®-HD FCveloCity®-XD Technology Proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell technology Net Power Levels 30kW 60kW, 85kW, 100kW 200kW Application 8 to 10 meter buses, battery hybrid range extenders, APUs 10 to 25 meter hybrid fuel cell buses Rail and marine propulsion Availability Available now Customized product

Competitive Advantages Ballard's FCveloCity® motive module offers a number of important advantages relative to the competition: Flexible Platform Proven Durability Modular design enables flexible integration of components and easy access for serviceability Demonstrated through exceptional availability and fuel cell module lifetime Technology Leadership High Performance Ballard technologies leadership proven through 7 generations of product design and production Robust fuel cells deliver the asset flexibility, range and top speeds demanded by the rail industry Manufacturing Expertise Safety Features Automated and continuous manufacturing processes ensure high quality, low cost production Integrated system to ensure highest safety and ease of installation

Video: World's First Hydrogen-Powered Tram https://youtu.be/o9QAV_orYsc

Technology Leadership Manufacturing Expertise 10/25/2017 Summary From rail switches, to auxiliary power, to primary propulsion, Ballard has the right fuel cell solution for the light rail industry Fuel cell powered shunt locomotives and trams have already been tested and demonstrated around the world Ballard FCveloCity® motive modules lead the industry in performance, durability and cost From 30kW to 200kW with separate air and coolant sub-systems enable easy and flexible integration of components into the bus design and easy access for enhanced serviceability Demonstrated through exceptional bus availability and fuel cell module lifetime with >20,000 hours of operation of a fuel cell power module in the field without failure. Technology Leadership High Performance Ballard technologies leadership is recognized and field proven through 7 generations of product design and production. High pressure humidified system providing high performances across a wide operating range. Manufacturing Expertise Tier 1 Customers Automated and continuous manufacturing processes ensure high quality, low cost production to meet customer demand. Ballard has worked with 10 different system integrators and OEMs to power over 100 buses in 20 cities worldwide.   Flexible Platform Proven Durability Technology Leadership High Performance Manufacturing Expertise Safety Features

To learn more, contact Ballard at marketing@ballard.com