Tennis Court Oath Bastille Day September Massacres National Assembly Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen Civil Constitutional of the Clergy Olympe De Gouges 1789-1791 French Rev. II

The Revolution Begins – GAME ON! Part One

How does each group push the Revolution forward? CONTRIBUTION BOURGEOISIE URBAN POOR “Sans Cullotes” PEASANTS WOMEN

Third Estate Acts In frustration, the Third Estate declares itself to be the National Assembly (6/17/89) Has the power to pass and execute laws Louis XVI locks them out of meeting place Third Estate meets in indoor tennis court and swears to not leave until passing a constitution Tennis Court Oath

Tennis court oath

Urban Unrest Poor harvest had led to starving families in the cities Soaring bread prices, 25% unemployment, fears of the military An angry mob looks for weapons to defend themselves – finds the Bastille (7/14/89) The mob storms the Bastille, kills the guard, and takes the weapons Paris is lost to King Louis XVI

Country Chaos – Great Fear Spirit of rebellion comes to the countryside – peasants look to free themselves of their obligations Peasants launch the Great Fear (7/89) – a series of peasant mobs roaming the lands and destroying noble property

The National Assembly Responds 8/4/89 – Abolishment of feudalism and proclamation of absolute equality No serfdom, no hunting rights, no corvee Equal taxes – no estate system Peasants are THRILLED and SATISFIED

Embracing Equality Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen Became the constitutional blueprint for France Guaranteed natural rights Liberty – freedom to do whatever as long as it doesn’t hurt anyone else “Citizen” applied to all French people Rights of Women Declaration of the Rights of Woman – Olympe de Gouges Rights to divorce, inherit property, get child support

Now let’s examine the Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen Which right stated in the Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen do you think would be most important to a member of the third estate and why?

Women Make the Next Move The “Revolution” cools, but… bread shortages writings of Jean-Paul Marat incite 7K angry women to march to Versailles (10/89) Demand king to address problems Violent scene takes place…King and Queen are captured and taken back to Tuleries Price controls on bread National Assembly moves to Paris as well Conservative revolutionaries begin to stop seeking changes

How does each group push the Revolution forward? CONTRIBUTION BOURGEOISIE Tennis Court Oath Creation of the National Assembly URBAN POOR Storming of the Bastille PEASANTS The Great Fear Abolishment of Estate System WOMEN Declaration of the Rights of Woman Women’s March to Versailles

Now let’s examine Women during the Revolution On the website open up Women in the Age of Enlightenment and the French Revolution and turn to Declaration of the Rights of Women and the Female Citizen? How is this document different from the Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen?

Continue Reading through Power Point this weekend

The Revolution Grows Part Two

Change! With the National Assembly and King in France… Government reform Constitutional Monarchy + Legislative Assembly France divided into 83 departments Economic reform – favored the bourgeoisie Metric system Le Chapelier Law – outlaws strikes, monopolies, and unions Assignats become new paper currency

Civil Constitution of the Clergy (1790) Created a national church – one church per department Puts the Church under the State’s control Clergy cannot accept authority of the Pope Clergymen will be paid by the state and elected Convents and monasteries are abolished Divides France over the issue of religion Refractory clergy – refuse to accept measures Peasants disagree – they are heavily Catholic Choice – revolutionary spirit OR religious devotion?

Escape? Louis XVI and family attempt to escape to Austria in June 1791 Caught at the border Effect on reputation? Effect on relations with Austria? Forced to accept constitutional monarchy

Government Transformation A new group will replace the National Assembly – known as the Legislative Assembly (L.A.) More radical, younger, and less cautious Led by the Jacobins, who draw from Rousseau’s ideas of complete equality

WAR! Prussia/Austria issue the Declaration of Pillnitz Protect royal family if they come under attack – serves as a bluff but the French take it serious Emigres who flee France urge AUS and PRU to restore the monarchy L.A. declares war on Austria in April 1792 – looks to spread “revolution” Little success for France – blamed on Louis XVI

Foreign Threats  Internal Chaos Prussia/Austria issue Brunswick Manifesto Royal family harmed? – they will destroy Paris Incites Jacobin-led mobs throughout Paris (urban poor!!!) King taken under armed guard Paris Commune (Summer 1792) In chaos, revolutionary gov’t usurps power from L.A. in Paris Led by Georges Danton Constitution is suspended to account for new threats

September Massacres (1792) Prussia advances on Paris…threatens invasion Led by Paris Commune, killing of upper class prisoners in jails Why kill them? 1000+ people are killed