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DIFFERENT TYPES OF CUTTING FLUID topic DIFFERENT TYPES OF CUTTING FLUID

Questions What is cutting fluids? What are the functions of a cutting fluid ? What are the properties?

Cutting fluids Cutting fluids, sometimes referred to as lubricants or coolants are liquids and gases applied to the cutting operations.

The primary functions of cutting fluids in machining are… Lubricating the cutting process at low cutting speed. Cooling the work piece at high cutting speed. and flushing away chips from the cutting zone.

TYPES OF CUTTING FLUID Water Soluble oils Straight oils Mixed oils Chemical-additive oil Chemical compounds Solid lubricants

Properties of cutting fluid.. It should posses good lubricating properties to reduce the frictional force Non-corrosive to the work or the machine. Natural so as not to react chemically. It should not very easily flammable. It should be stable in use and storage. High heat conductivity. Harmless to the skin of the operators. Low priced to minimum production cost.

Effect of workpiece material.. Cast Iron : Cast Iron is generally cut without any cutting fluid. Sometimes cast iron is also cut with water soluble oils or using compressed air. Steel : Water soluble oil for low and medium carbon steel, heavy duty soluble oils for high carbon steel and nickel chromium alloy steel. Wrought Iron : lard oil or water soluble oil.

Stainless Steel : Heavy duty soluble oil or neat oil, with chlorine Aluminum : Soluble oil or kerosene. Brass, Bronze : Worked dry or with paraffin or lard oil. Magnesium alloys : Low viscosity inactive fatty mineral oils.

Choice of cutting fluids… Types of operation. The rate of metal removal. Material of the workpiece. Material of the tool. Surface finish requirement. Cost of cutting fluid.

Benefits achieved with the use of cutting fluid improving tool life, Lower tool force , improving surface finish, Finished surfaces are protected from corrosion.

Method of applications of cutting fluid.. More than one nozzle may be used in some cutting operations to direct the cutting fluid at the cutting fluid closest to the cutting zone. This type of application is used in experimental work when the effect of a large number of cutting fluids is being studied and applying cutting fluids by other method will involve considerable wastage of the cutting fluid and lot of time in changing over from one fluid to another.

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