Airmanship Knowledge for Air Cadets Learning Outcome 3 Uncontrolled copy not subject to amendment Airmanship Knowledge for Air Cadets Learning Outcome 3 Know How to Identify Military Aircraft Part 2: No.1 Group Air Combat Revision 4.00

Contents Aircraft in No 1 Group – Air Combat: Typhoon Tornado GR4 / GR4A Tornado F3 Harrier GR9 / T12 Lightning II

Typhoon Reporting Name: Typhoon Role Letters and Marks: T1A / F2 / T3 / FGR4 Role: Multi-Role Fighter

The Typhoon Manufactured by Germany, Italy, Spain and the UK via the Eurofighter Consortium High performance, single seat, multi-role fighter aircraft designed to perform air superiority and ground attack missions with a full range of air-to-air and air-to-surface weapons Twin-engine delta wing design with canard foreplanes and fly-by-wire controls for maximum agility Advanced avionics including ECR-90 CAPTOR Radar, Helmet-Mounted Symbology System (HMSS) helmet-mounted sight and voice control input. Germany manufactures the centre-fuselage, Spain and Italy manufacture the wings, UK manufactures the front fuselage and the fin, UK and Italy share manufacture of the rear fuselage. Each nation completes final assembly of their own aircraft from these major units. Aircraft is also in service with Austria (manufactured in Germany) and Saudi Arabia (manufactured in the UK) Weapons carried by Typhoon include ASRAAM & IRIS-T short-range air-to-air missiles, AMRAAM medium-range air-to-air missiles and Laser-Guided Bombs. First combat missions flown over Libya in 2011 as part of Operation Ellamy

Technical Data Wing Span: 10.50M Length: 15.96M Crew : 1 (2 in T1A / T3) Maximum Speed: 1,147kts (2125km/h) or Mach 2.0 at 36,090ft Engines: Two Eurojet EJ200 Turbofans

Typhoon T1A

Typhoon F2

Typhoon T3

Typhoon FGR4

Typhoon FGR4

Typhoon Detail Differences – T1A vs T3 Typhoon T1A / T3 are primarily used for pilot conversion training but are fully combat-capable All Typhoon T1s had a modification to the fuel system to become T1As Typhoon T3 has the PIRATE FLIR (Forward Looking Infra-Red) sensor mounted on the port-side of the nose

Typhoon Detail Differences – F2 vs FGR4 Typhoon F2 and FGR4 are the frontline combat variant of Typhoon. Typhoon F2 is used in the air-to-air and Quick Reaction Alert (QRA) roles only Typhoon FGR4 has the PIRATE FLIR (Forward Looking Infra-Red) sensor mounted on the nose FGR4 upgrade introduced air-to-surface capability to Typhoon. All F2s will be upgraded to FGR4

2. Tornado GR4 / GR4A Reporting Name: Tornado Role Letters and Marks: GR4 / GR4A Role: Ground Attack / Reconnaissance

Tornado GR4 / GR4A Variable geometry wing, all-weather ground attack and reconnaissance aircraft Terrain-following radar, Forward Looking Infra Red (FLIR) and night-vision goggles allow unrestricted operations day or night LITENING III Laser Designation Pod allows self-designation of ground targets for laser guided bombs Carries full range of air-to-surface weapons as well as RAPTOR pod for tactical reconnaissance Linescan system enables the GR4A to conduct low-level, tactical reconnaissance Tornado GR4 is the primary strike aircraft of the Royal Air Force. It operates in all weather conditions, day or night at low- and medium-level. Air-to-surface weapons carried include Paveway II, III and IV laser-guided bombs, Brimstone anti-tank missiles, Storm Shadow standoff missiles and ALARM anti-radar missiles along with internal 27mm Mauser cannon. ASRAAM missiles are carried for self-defence.

Technical Data Wing Span: 13.9M fully forward 8.6m fully swept Length: 16.45M Crew: 2 Maximum Speed: 800kts (1480km/h) or Mach 1.2 at sea level Engines: Two turbo union RB199 turbofans Crew includes Pilot in the front seat and Weapons Systems Officer in the rear seat.

Tornado GR4 / GR4A

Tornado GR4 / GR4A

3. Tornado F3 Reporting Name: Tornado Role Letters and Marks: F3 Role: Air Defence The Tornado F3 was retired from service in March 2011

Tornado F3 Retired from service 31 March 2011 Developed from the Tornado GR1 as a long-range air defence interceptor Variable sweep wing for high supersonic speed or high loiter duration All-weather day/night operation with beyond visual- range engagement capability Patrols for over 3 hours at 300nmls from base Carried AMRAAM and ASRAAM air-to-air missiles Secondary air defence suppression role added in 2003 using ALARM missiles AMRAAM = Advanced Medium-Range Air-to-Air Missile. ASRAAM = Advanced Short-Range Air-to-Air Missile. Replaced Skyflash and AIM-9L Sidewinder respectively.

Technical Data Wing Span: 13.9M fully forward 8.6M fully swept Length: 16.7M Crew: 2 Maximum Speed: 800kts (1480km/h) or Mach 1.2 at sea level Engines: Two Turbo Union RB199 turbofans

Tornado F3

Tornado F3

Tornado F3

Comparing the F3 and GR4 Tornado F3 Tornado GR4 Longer nose AMRAAM Missiles on stretched fuselage FLIR Tornado GR4

The Tornado Test 1 2 3 5 4

4. Harrier GR9 / T12 Reporting Name: Harrier Role Letters and Marks: GR9 / T12 Role: Ground Attack and Reconnaissance The Harrier GR9 / T12 was retired from service in December 2010

Harrier GR9 / T12 Harrier GR9 was a ground attack and Close Air Support aircraft capable of V/STOL (Vertical / Short Take-Off Landing) Harrier T12 was a twin-seat training variant for training new pilots and was fully combat capable Aircraft were operated by 1 Sqn and 4 Sqn RAF and the Naval Strike Wing of the Fleet Air Arm Operated from both land bases and Royal Navy Aircraft Carriers Capable of operating day and night and in all weathers Carried a full range of air-to-surface weapons Weapons carried by the Harrier GR9 / T12 included; Paveway II, III and IV Laser-Guided Bombs, Maverick anti-tank missiles, CRV-7 rockets, 540lb and 1000lb unguided bombs and AIM-9L Sidewinder.

Technical Data Wing Span: 9.24M Length: 14.46M Crew: 1 (2 in T12) Maximum Speed: 640kts (1186km/h) at sea level Engine: One Rolls-Royce Pegasus 105 vectored-thrust turbofan There was also a GR9A sub-variant that was fitted with a Pegasus 107 engine with increased thrust to improve performance in hot and high conditions (ie Afghanistan) and also to increase the permitted landing weight when landing aboard aircraft carriers.

Harrier GR9

Harrier T12

5. Lightning II Reporting Name: Lightning II Role Letters and Marks: Not Currently Available Role: Multi-role land- and carrier-based strike fighter Joint Combat Aircraft is the UK designation for the F-35B Lightning II Short Takeoff / Vertical Landing (STOVL) Variant

Lightning II US-built F-35 Lightning II Low-observable (“stealth”) fighter/attack aircraft Planned in-service date of 2018 to replace Harrier GR9 in RAF and Royal Navy service It will operate from land bases and new Queen Elizabeth Class Aircraft Carriers Sophisticated avionics and weapon-targeting systems including helmet-mounted weapons cueing UK version is based on F-35B Short Take-off Vertical Landing (STOVL) variant of the F-35 aircraft F-35 is also available as a conventional take-off variant (F-35A) and a Carrier variant (F-35C)

Technical Data Wing Span: 10.7M Length: 15.6M Crew: 1 Maximum Speed: Mach 1.6+ Engines Pratt & Whitney F135-PW- 600 turbofan with lift-fan

Lightning II Joint Combat Aircraft is the UK designation for the F-35B Lightning II Short Takeoff / Vertical Landing (STOVL) Variant

Lightning II Joint Combat Aircraft is the UK designation for the F-35B Lightning II Short Takeoff / Vertical Landing (STOVL) Variant

Any questions?