Technology and Columbian Exchange

Technology Astrolabe: Allows sailors to determine their latitude or how far north or south of the equator they are Perfected by the Muslims Brass Circle with carefully adjusted rings marked off in degrees

Sextant Replaced the Astrolabe in mid-1700s Measured the height of the stars above the horizon Allowed them to determine latitude and longitude

Compass Invented by the Chinese Used by sailors to more accurately track the direction they were headed

Columbian Exchange The global transfer of foods, plants and animals during the colonization of the Americas From the Americas: Tomatoes, squash, pineapples, tobacco, and cacao beans. Also sent Turkey Most important: Corn and potatoes (Healthy and helped sustain larger populations) From Europe: Horses, cattle, sheep and pigs From Africa: bananas, black-eyed peas and yams. Wheat, rice, barley and oats

Negative Effects of the Columbian Exchange Disease brought to the new world: smallpox and measles Led to the death of millions of Native Americans Other diseases: influenza, typhus, malaria and diphtheria

Global Trade Leads to the rise of Capitalism: Private ownership Joint-Stock Companies: Modern-day corporations- investors buying shares of stock in a company Combining wealth from a common purpose: American Colonization Mercantilism: Power depended mainly on its wealth Balance of Trade Have as much gold and silver as possible Favorable Balance of Trade