Today’s Warm Up Answer in your notes: If you are involved in a serious argument in which something important is at stake, is it better to compromise with or confront your opponent? Provide a specific example and be prepared to share your reasoning.

Was the Civil War inevitable? Conflict & Compromise Was the Civil War inevitable?

A Growing Nation Between the American Revolution & Civil War, U.S. grew immensely Division btwn North & South grew as well; led to two distinct ways of life

Northern Life Industrial Large Population 70% of Railroad Tracks factories Large Population many immigrants 70% of Railroad Tracks More $$ Some farming too!

Southern Life Agrarian Smaller Population Fewer Railroad Tracks Rural, farming society Smaller Population Fewer Railroad Tracks Some farmers still used waterways Less $$ Majority of $$ controlled by a small group of white, plantation owners

Growing Divide over Slavery Slavery was not just a moral issue, but about power and $$ As the North and South grew apart, both sides fought for control in Washington, DC. Why do you think this was?

Slave States (South) vs. Free States (North) Each state has # of congressman based on population However, no matter the size of the state or population, each state gets 2 senators If one side has just one more state, that means an advantage for that side in Washington, D.C. 11 Slave States x 2 Senators = 22 Senators

Video Clip: “I’m Just a Bill” https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tyeJ55o3El0

Slave States (South) vs. Free States (North) 11 Free States x 2 Senators = 22 Senators But if we add just one more state to one side… 12 States x 2 Senators = 24 Senators

Antebellum Jigsaw Activity Become the expert on your assigned antebellum event. Create a poster display that will effectively teach your classmates about your event. Include the title and date(s) at the top of your poster In a minimum of five key statements explain what happened. Decide whether your event showed a spirit of conflict or compromise. Defend your reasoning. Don’t be fooled by the title of your event – intentions aren’t always the same as outcome!

The Missouri Compromise Use page 106 in the History Alive textbook along with the U.S. map you filled in for homework Step 1: Color code the free states and territories Step 2: Color code the slave states and territories Step 3: Read the section “Slavery Comes to the National Stage: The Missouri Compromise” & answer the following questions in your notes: What was the Missouri Compromise? Why do you think the Missouri Compromise no longer works by 1850? BE READY TO SHARE!!!

Missouri Compromise, 1820 Balanced at 11 states on each side. Missouri & Maine wanted to become states, so… Missouri  Slave States Maine  Free State No slavery north of Missouri’s southern border (36⁰ 30´) Label the Missouri Compromise line on your map

More Land Means More Conflict 1819, Spain ceded Florida to the US U.S. won the Mexican-American War 1846-1847 Gained most of the land from Texas to California Gadsden Purchase The US bought the rest of the land in the Southwest

Gadsden Purchase

Compromise of 1850 California  Free State New Mexico  Slave State Utah  Slave State Fugitive Slave Law- required the return of escaped slaves to their owners

Uncle Tom’s Cabin Book written in 1852 by Harriet Beecher Stowe Described cruelty of slavery Hoped to end slavery, but increased hostility between the North and the South.

“So this is the lady who started the Civil War.” -Abraham Lincoln

Kansas-Nebraska Act, 1854 Popular Sovereignty- the people decide by voting Abolitionists (against slavery) & proslavery people flooded the territory Led to violence and bloodshed

Bleeding Kansas, 1856 Abolitionist John Brown & supporters attacked proslavery men, killing 5 of them in a single night. Led to increased violence in this territory.

Dred Scott Decision, 1857 Dred Scott was a slave whom was moved into a free state. Sued for his freedom, but denied. The Supreme Court states that slaves are property, not citizens.

John Brown’s Raid John Brown came out of hiding to lead 21 men in seizing the federal arsenal at Harper’s Ferry, VA. Stopped by federal troops. John Brown was executed for treason.

Election of 1860 Splits the Nation Abraham Lincoln, the Republican nominee opposed to slavery, won with only 40% of the popular vote. Didn’t receive any votes from the South, but because there were 4 candidates votes were split & Lincoln won. The South refused to follow a president for whom they didn’t vote.

Secession Secession- to leave or withdraw. Starting with South Carolina in 1861, 11 states left the Union/United States. Created a new nation: Confederate States of America “Confederacy” Capital: Richmond, VA President: Jefferson Davis

First “Unofficial” Battle April 12, 1861, Southern forces attacked Fort Sumter, a federal fort in Charleston, SC. After a day and a half, the Northern troops were forced to surrender. This was the first “unofficial” battle of the Civil War.

Acrostic Poem & Class Spectrum Using the term “Antebellum,” answer today’s LEQ: Was the Civil War inevitable? For each letter, write a statement that provides evidence and support for your response. Be ready to present your poem and place in on our class spectrum. Your poem should defend your placement.

Using the term “Antebellum,” answer today’s LEQ: Was the Civil War inevitable?