Manifest Destiny

Introduction American history is split into three episodes: New Republic 1788 (start of US under Constitution) to Civil War 1860 (start of Civil War) Civil War and Reconstruction 1860 to World War II 1945 Postwar 1945 to today The first episode of presidencies is dominated by two parts New Republic Manifest Destiny and Slavery New Republic Presidents (6): Focus on building and establish the role of government Most policy is foreign and defense based Manifest Destiny and Slavery (9): Looked to protect state rights against national government expansion Added states and lands of the continental US Focused on domestic policy, especially slavery

Presidents of the New Republic George Washington 1788-96 No associated party Wins 69-35-34 in 1788 Wins 132-77-50-5 in 1796 John Adams 1796-1800 Federalist Wins 71-68-59-48-30 Thomas Jefferson 1800-08 Democrat-Republican Wins 73-73-65-64 in 1800 – wins by vote in House of Representatives Wins 162-14 in 1804 James Madison 1808-16 Democrat-Republican Wins 122-47-6 in 1808 Wins 128-89 in 1812 James Monroe 1816-24 Wins 183-34 in 1816 Wins 231-1 in 1820 John Quincey Adams 1824-1828 Wins 99 (Jackson)-84 (JQA)-41-37 Vote decided by House of Representatives

Presidents of Manifest Destiny Andrew Jackson 1828-36 Democrat Wins 178-83 in 1828 Wins 219-49-11-7 in 1832 Martin van Buren 1836-40 Wins 170-73-26-14-11 in 1836 William Henry Harrison 1840 Whig Wins 234-60 in 1840 Dies in office in 1841, replaced by John Tyler James K. Polk 1844-48 Democrat Wins 170-105 in 1844 Zachary Taylor 1848-50 Whig Wins 163-127 in 1848 Dies in office in 1850, replaced by Millard Fillmore Franklin Pierce 1852-56 Wins 254-42 James Buchanan 1856-60 Wins 174-114-8 in 1856

Instructions Each of the next slides has a series of questions Write the questions in your notes Use the yellow US history textbook to find the answers Chapter 2 Section 5 Instructions on my website to use the online text When possible, find the videos and watch them

Looking Westward By 1830, what two other tracts of land were added to the original territories? What was unique about Oregon? Define Manifest Destiny. What two groups would suffer at the expense of Manifest Destiny? Why did southern slaveholders want to add more states? What two major trails did settlers take to go west? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=japRb6U_FuQ

The Journey Westward How many people went west between 1840-60? What was the #1 occupation of the expansionists? What were some of the dangers of the journey west? What type of reward awaited the emigrants? Why is the 1851 Treaty of Fort Laramie important? Safari Montage – Manifest Destiny playlist: In the Midst of Savage Darkness: Missionaries Go West Westward I Go Free: The Hazards of Traveling West The Barren Rock: The Journey of the Mormons

Texas Wins Independence What three things did Americans have to agree to in order to receive a land grant from the Mexican government settle in Texas? Who are Tejanos? What three issues strained relations between the American settlers in Texas and Mexican government? What did Anglo-Texans and Tejanos desire, especially after control of the Mexican government went to Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna? What happened in 1835? What did Anglo-Texans and Tejanos do in 1836? What was the famous battle in the fight for Texas’ independence?

Texas Wins independence Who led the Texan forces to victory at San Jacinto in 1836? What did Santa Anna do after his loss at San Jacinto? What was the Mexican government’s reaction to Santa Anna’s action? Who became the president of the Republic of Texas? Safari Montage – Manifest Destiny: Tejas: Stephen Austin, Sam Houston, and the Alamo We Go to Conquer: Independence for Texas

The Mexican-American War What two expansionist ideals did new president, James K. Polk, have? What happened in 1846? When did Texas officially become a part of the United States? What was the dispute between the US and Mexico that led to war? What three military advantages did the US have over Mexico? Was this a back-and-forth war or one-sided war? Explain. Safari Montage – Manifest Destiny: What a Country: The Mexican-American War and American Expansion

The Aftermath of War What officially ended the Mexican-American War? How much land was added by winning the war (miles)? Define Gadsden Purchase. Define California Gold Rush. What effect did the Gold Rush have on California’s population? How many laborers migrated from China to California? What did many Indians do in response to the Gold Rush? What did the courts fail to do? What was unique about the constitution California created in 1849? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gDkqvqqjMAA

Conclusion Beginning with Thomas Jefferson, Americans aimed to move west The idea of Manifest Destiny became popular and controversial however, the rewards of the West bring thousands away from the Atlantic coast Texas and the Mexican-American War add the states of California, Arizona, New Mexico, Texas, Utah, Nevada, and Colorado Sparked debates about what areas should have slavery and which shouldn’t In addition, what do we do about slaves that get into a non-slave area? Slavery debate leads directly to the Civil War