Water Quality Management in Bangkok By Miss Kate-rachada Klankrong Department of Drainage and Sewerage Bangkok Metropolitan Administration, Bangkok, Thailand

General Information of Bangkok Water Quality Management in Bangkok General Information of Bangkok NONTHABURI PATHUMTHANI SAMUT PRAKAN SAMUT SONGKRAM BANGKOK THAILAND BANGKOK MAP Bangkok : Area 1,568.7 km2 Register Population 5.69 million (2015) Surface Water: Canal 1,682 canals Length 2,604 km Chao Praya River 372 km (Total Length) Bangkok 35 km Source of Water Supply to Bangkok and vicinity: Upstream of Chao Praya River at Sam Lae, Pathum Thani Water Consumption Rate in Bangkok (2015) : 2.544 mil. m3/day

JICA Master Plan (27 zones) Water Quality Management in Bangkok JICA Master Plan (27 zones) In 2011, Bangkok in collaboration with JICA has proposed a 30-year master plan for Bangkok to construct the wastewater treatment . The construction area is divided into 27 areas of wastewater treatment cover 80-90% of total wastewater generated in Bangkok

Existing Central WWTPs in Bangkok Water Quality Management in Bangkok Existing Central WWTPs in Bangkok Bangsue EECC Year of operation : 2013 Service Area: 20.7km2 Population 223,990 Capacity 120,000m3/d Source: JICA, 2011

Total Capacity of 8Central WWTPs Water Quality Management in Bangkok Total Capacity of 8Central WWTPs Wastewater Plant Population Served Service Area (sq.km.) Capacity (m3/d) 1. Si Phraya WWTP 120,000 2.7 30,000 2. Rattanakosin WWTP 70,000 4.1 40,000 3. Din Dang WWTP 1,080,000 37 350,000 4. Chong Non Si WWTP 580,000 28.5 200,000 5. Nong Khaem WWTP 520,000 44 157,000 6. Tung Kru WWTP 177,000 42 65,000 7. Chatu Chak WWTP 432,000 33.4 150,000 8. Bangsue EECC 223,990 20.7 Total 3,202,990 212.4 1,112,000 14% of total area 45% of wastewater generation in 2015

Bangkok Bang Sue Education and Environmental Conservation Center Water Quality Management in Bangkok Bangkok Bang Sue Education and Environmental Conservation Center The 1st Underground Wastewater Treatment Plant in Bangkok

Future Scheme of WWTP Thonburi WWTP Minburi WWTP Nongbon WWTP Water Quality Management in Bangkok Future Scheme of WWTP Service Areas : 4.43 km2 Capacity : 10,000 m3/day Service Areas : 71 km2 Capacity : 360,000 m3/day Service Areas : 63.85 km2 Capacity : 135,000 m3/day Service Areas: 36.44 km2 Capacity: 160,000 m3/day Thonburi WWTP Minburi WWTP Nongbon WWTP KlongToei WWTP

Total Capacity of Central WWTP Water Quality Management in Bangkok Total Capacity of Central WWTP Wastewater Project Population Served Service Area (sq.km.) Capacity (m3/d) Status 1. Minburi WWTP 13,000 4.43 10,000 FS and DD completed in 2012 and preparation for Construction 2015-2016 2. Thonburi WWTP 404,730 36.44 160,000 FS and DD in 2014-2016 and preparation for PPP 3. Klong Toei WWTP 485,000 71 360,000 Preparation for DD and PPP 4. Nongbon WWTP 265,000 63.85 135,000 FS in 2011 by JICA and preparation for PPP Total 1,167,730 175.72 665,000

Water Quality Management in Bangkok Treated Water Reuse In 2015, ~6% of treated water is reused for several purposes such as planting, cleaning the road and market

Sludge for Land Application Water Quality Management in Bangkok Sludge for Land Application Thonburirom Park Sirikit Park Digested Sludge from WWTPs used as raw material for composting and then mainly provide to BMA public park In 2015, about 13,150 m3 of sludge compost has been used

Challenges and Solutions Water Management and Water Quality Control in Bangkok Challenges and Solutions “Public Private Partnership (PPP)” should be implemented for the future projects in order to solve the financial problems “Treated Wastewater” is the alternative water for using in some specific activities (6% of treated wastewater using for watering plant, cleaning the road, flushing system etc.) “People Participation” will pay an important role to improve the surface water quality “Energy Saving Technology” for Wastewater Treatment System should be studied and applied for solving global warming

Thank You for Your Attention