Rapid Deployment Considerations Pre-departure analysis Flow of forces Distribution processes Communications considerations Engineering / infrastructure considerations Financial planning factors Operators and logisticians alike, should understand the entire mission and the complexities involved with logistics processes and capabilities, and integrating them into the overall mission plan

Pre-departure Analysis What is at the deployment location, and what is needed? Predetermine possible location prior to a crisis (standing assessments) Environment (terrain, climatology, airport / seaport capacity) Identify shipping requirements and prepackage equipment if possible (modes of travel; multimodal ability) Host Nation governmental requirements (access, customs, MOU/MOA) Regional requirements (immunizations / medications, training, special equipment) Multination force caveats and cultural requirements

Flow of Forces What do you need and when do you need it? Determine Air/Sea capabilities and movement schedule Know who else is using the arrival location (NGOs, Private sector) Pre-determine the flow of forces (who arrives when) Establish a reception team: unload cargo, force protection, contract officer (commit funds), command and communication experts, personnel accountability, maintenance, medical Should be selected and trained prior to a crisis (on call) Expertise excess to Vanguard Brigade capabilities Should be the first ones to arrive Have a return plan (rapid evacuation, containers, medevac / mortuary)

Distribution Considerations Where do you need it? Establishing the regional network Joint effort with DPKO, DFS, Mission HQs and T/PCCs Establishing and exercising nodes and infrastructure for delivery Enable visibility for decision making Control and regulate movements in support of the force flow Transition equipment from transportation mode to mission ready (fuel, ammo, reassemble..) Integrate personnel with equipment Execute onward movement Transition from deployment to sustainment Preventing gaps in operational capacity Where do you need it? Often referred to as the “last tactical mile” Can present a slew of challenges that will impact your modes of movement and your control nodes Risks and risk factors: often the highest risk is associated with this portion of the deployment (terrorists groups, criminal activity, host nation restrictions, infrastructure and environment). How do you account and mitigate? Establishing the regional network Joint effort with DPKO, DFS, Mission HQs and T/PCCs During this portion of the execution c Establishing and exercising nodes and infrastructure for delivery Enable visibility for decision making Control and regulate movements in support of the force flow Transition equipment from transportation mode to mission ready (fuel, ammo, reassemble..) Integrate personnel with equipment Execute onward movement Transition from deployment to sustainment Preventing gaps in operational capacity

Communications Considerations Departure point Enroute Arrival Final Destination Control, Communications, Visibility, Navigation (aids and routes) Expeditionary capability to fill any gaps; risk mitigation plan when something arrives late

Engineering / Infrastructure Considerations Local environmental conditions Harsh or temperate? Desert, jungle, or arctic? High or low precipitation? Cultural or natural resources? Available host nation facilities/infrastructure Adequate power? Water source? Waste water? Communications Force protection / local threat High, medium, or low threat? Integrate with local agencies?

Engineering / Infrastructure Considerations Unique mission sustainment requirements Fuel storage / distribution Ammunition storage Logistics support Installation sustainment requirements Berthing Dining Refuse / Waste Special services Fire fighting EOD Disease / Pest Control Others?

Financial Considerations Contracting Logistics versus organic capabilities Must consider the impact on the host nation operations Reduce cost / Transportation; impact on local efforts Central coordination to avoid competing contracts that drive up cost Cannot wait until you need it to ask for it; it will cost more (compete with similar requirements from other organizations) and may go unfilled Established contracts expedite services and reduce risk Can minimize troop requirements; must maintain visibility of contractors

Acquisition and Cross-Servicing Agreements (ACSA)

Overview ACSA – What, Why, Purpose Permitted/Prohibited Support Items Key Tenets Key Take Away UN ACSA

ACSA – What, Why, Purpose What: Bilateral agreement for the exchange of logistics support, supplies, & services (LSSS) during exercises, training, or emergency situations “An Agreement Under Which the United States Agrees to Provide Logistic Support, Supplies and Services to Military Forces of a Qualifying Country or Organization … in Return for the Reciprocal Provision of Logistic Support, Supplies and Services by Such Government or Organization to Elements of the [United States] Armed Forces.” Est. by US Law: 10 U.S.C. Section 2342(a)(2) Why: US law prohibits buying, selling, giving, and loaning support to another country without legal authority ACSA statute provides authority Purpose: To further readiness of U.S./Multinational forces by reducing initial logistics embarkation

Permitted Support MAINTENANCE & OPERATIONS TRAINING BASE SUPPORT REFUELING OF AIR OR GROUND VEHICLES COLD WEATHER ITEMS AND PROTECTIVE CLOTHING (EMERGENCY ONLY) FIELD RADIO SUPPORT; ACCESS TO COMMS SATELITES AIRLIFT AND GROUND TRANSPORTATION PROVISION OF MEDICAL CARE; EMERGENCY PROVISION OF MEDICAL SUPPLIES SMALL ARMS AMMO; MAINTENANCE & TRAINING SPARE PARTS AND COMPONENTS TEMPORARY USE OF ANOTHER NATION’S BUILDING REPAIR AND MAINTENANCE SERVICES TRAINING IN AIRCRAFT/VEHICLE CROSS-SERVICING; USE OF TRAINING RANGES LEASE/LOAN OF GENERAL PURPOSE VEHICLES BASE SUPPORT FOOD AND FOOD SERVICE BILLETING OR TEMPORARY SHELTER STORAGE SERVICES BASE OPERATIONS SUPPORT (CONSTRUCTION) BASE OPERATIONS SUPPORT (LAUNDRY) BASE OPERATIONS SUPPORT (SECURITY) PERMITTED SUPPORT PORT SERVICES

Examples of Prohibited Items TRANSFER OF HELICOPTERS Weapon Systems Aircraft, Ships, Tanks Major End Items of Equipment (Systems) Radar, Navigation, Fire Control, Communication Guided missiles, naval mines, bombs, pistols, rifles, machine guns, and torpedoes Nuclear & Chemical ammunition Guidance kits for bombs and other ammunition GUIDED MISSILES OR BOMBS COMBAT AIRCRAFT

Key Tenets All transactions are reimbursable Reimbursement made in cash, replacement in kind (RIK) or equal value exchange (EVE) Parties to the ACSA can decline support requests Reciprocal pricing principles apply Annual ceilings apply except when ACSA is used to support contingencies, humanitarian & foreign disaster assistance efforts

ACSA Key Take Away Allows logistics exchanges between US and other military forces/organizations Provides flexibility to on-scene commander Provides means to meet logistics shortfall emergencies Reduces the logistics tail for joint exercises and/or contingencies Applies worldwide

UN ACSA Concluded 25 Sep 2015 UN Concept of Operations Key Concepts and Major Differences from Traditional ACSA: Top down approach and approval process Exigency/Emergency use only UN desire to use as bridging mechanism to commercial procurement Next Steps: High level and tactical SOP in development SOP for Defense Logistics Agency US Transportation Command Implementing Arrangement NOTE: All ACSA inquiries received from UN field elements should be directed to UN HQ, Department of Field Support

ACSA Benefits In Summary During HA/DR & Peacekeeping Operations Enhances: Interoperability Readiness Effectiveness Serves as a “Force Multiplier” allowing purchase of: Petroleum, Oil & Lubricants at US Department of Defense fuel depots located around the globe Air to Air Refueling capability Airlift capability Sealift capability Provides more cost effective mutual support