RASH DRIVING WARNING SYSTEM FOR HIGHWAY POLICE Project Title RASH DRIVING WARNING SYSTEM FOR HIGHWAY POLICE Under the Guidance of Submitted by

ABSTRACT While driving on highways, motorists should not exceed the maximum speed limit permitted for their vehicle. However, accidents keep occurring due to speed violations since the drivers tend to ignore their speedometers. This speed checker will come handy for the highway traffic police as it will not only provide a digital display in accordance with a vehicle’s speed but also sound an alarm if the vehicle exceeds the permissible speed for the highway. The system displays the time taken by the vehicle in crossing this 100m distance from one pair to the other with a resolution of 0.01 second, from which the speed of the vehicle can be calculated.

PROJECT BLOCK DIAGRAM

HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS POWER SUPPLY BLOCK 555 TIMER CD4026 CD4011 LED 1N4007 RESISTORS CAPACITORS

POWER SUPPLY Bridge rectifier 5v Regulator 230 V AC 50 Hz 5V DC Filter(470µf) 12V step down transformer

555 TIMER The 555 Timer IC is an integrated circuit (chip) implementing a variety of timer and multivibrator applications The 555 has three operating modes: Monostable mode: in this mode, the 555 functions as a "one-shot". Applications include timers, missing pulse detection, switches, touch switches, frequency divider, capacitance measurement, pulse-width modulation (PWM) etc. Astable - free running mode: the 555 can operate as an oscillator. Uses include LED and lamp flashers, pulse generation, logic clocks, tone generation, security alarms, pulse position modulation, etc. Bistable mode or Schmitt trigger: the 555 can operate as a flip-flop, if the DIS pin is not connected and no capacitor is used. Uses include bounce free latched switches, etc.

Internal architecture of 555 timer Pin Name Purpose 1 GND Ground, low level (0 V) 2 TRIG OUT rises, and interval starts, when this input falls below 1/3 VCC. 3 OUT This output is driven to +VCC or GND. 4 RESET A timing interval may be interrupted by driving this input to GND. 5 CTRL "Control" access to the internal voltage divider (by default, 2/3 VCC). 6 THR The interval ends when the voltage at THR is greater than at CTRL. 7 DIS Open collector output; may discharge a capacitor between intervals. 8 V+, VCC Positive supply voltage is usually between 3 and 15 V.

cd4026 The count advances as the clock input becomes high (on the rising-edge). The outputs a-g go high to light the appropriate segments of a common-cathode 7-segment display as the count advances. The maximum output current is about 1mA with a 4.5V supply and 4mA with a 9V supply. This is sufficient to directly drive many 7-segment LED displays.

Features Counter and 7-segment decoding in one package Easily interfaced with 7-segment display types Fully static counter operation: DC to 6 MHz (typ.) at VDD = 10 V Ideal for low-power displays Display enable output (CD4026B) 100% tested for quiescent current at 20 V Standardized, symmetrical output characteristics 5-V, 10-V, and 15-V parametric ratings Schmitt-triggered clock inputs Meets all requirements of JEDEC Tentative Standard No. 13B, "Standard Specifications for Description of ’B’ Series CMOS Devices"

CD4011-NAND GATE NAND gate is the opposite of the digital AND gate, and behaves in a manner that corresponds to the opposite of AND gate The NAND gate is significant because any Boolean function can be implemented by using a combination of NAND gates. This property is called functional completeness

Software Requirements Keil an ARM Company makes C compilers, macro assemblers, real-time kernels, debuggers, simulators, integrated environments, evaluation boards, and emulators for ARM7/ARM9/Cortex-M3, XC16x/C16x/ST10, 251, and 8051 MCU families. Compilers are programs used to convert a High Level Language to object code. Desktop compilers produce an output object code for the underlying microprocessor, but not for other microprocessors.

i.e the programs written in one of the HLL like ‘C’ will compile the code to run on the system for a particular processor like x86 (underlying microprocessor in the computer). For example compilers for Dos platform is different from the Compilers for Unix platform  So if one wants to define a compiler then compiler is a program that translates source code into object code.

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