EXPLORING THE LIVESTOCK INDUSTRY

Student Learning Objectives Student Learning Objectives. Instruction in this lesson should result in students achieving the following objectives: 1 Understand the beef industry and the numerous products that come from the beef animal. 2 Understand the swine industry and the numerous products that come from swine. 3 Understand the sheep industry and the numerous products that come from sheep.

A. The beef industry includes: OBJECTIVE 1: Understand the beef industry and the numerous products that come from the beef animal. A. The beef industry includes: the different types of operations used to raise cattle the different products and by-products made from the cattle.

A. There are three types of beef cattle operations A purebred operation raises cattle of a single, pure breed. Cattle may be used in cow-calf operations or sold to other purebred cattle farms. Breeders are responsible for many of the genetic improvements in the beef cattle industry.

2. Cow-calf operation Responsible for producing the calves that will enter the feedlots. These operations are located in areas with plenty of grass to allow cows to graze. Calves are usually born in the spring and stay with their mother until the fall.

3. Feedlot operation The owner buys calves from the cow-calf operation and feeds them until they put on enough weight to be harvested. Most feedlot operations are located in the Midwest because of the ready supply of grains, like corn, for feed.

B. Beef cattle are raised to produce high quality meat cuts called beef. A 1,000 pound animal will yield (on average) a 600 pound carcass, which will be cut into approximately 465 pounds of retail cuts. These are the cuts of meat that are sold in grocery stores. The fat located in the meat, or muscle, is called marbling. This gives the meat its flavor and tenderness. Beef is a good source of the important nutrients zinc, iron, and protein. Protein builds, maintains, and repairs body tissues. Iron helps red blood cells carry oxygen to body cells and tissues. Zinc is necessary for growth ,reproduction & for helping the bodies immune system.

C. By-products of the beef industry are made from some part of the beef animal. Medicines—The systems of the human body and cattle are very similar. Our bodies are able to use a number of medicines that come from cattle. Examples: Collagen is used in plastic surgery and to make non-stick bandages.

b. Cortisol - used as anti-inflammatory. c b. Cortisol - used as anti-inflammatory. c. Glucagon- treats hypoglycemia or low blood sugar. d. Heparin- used as an anticoagulant to treat blood clots. e. Insulin- used for treating diabetes or high blood sugar.

2. Food—Gelatin comes from the connective tissue of cattle & is used to make the following products: a. Candies b. Dairy products c. Desserts d. Diet products e. Jellies

3. Household Products—Many of the items in our homes are made from fats and proteins in beef cattle. Examples a. Candles b. Ceramics c. Cosmetics d. Crayons e. Deodorants f. Detergent g. Floor wax h. Insecticides i. Insulation j. Linoleum k. Mouthwash l. Paint m. Paper n. Perfume o. Plastic p. Soap q. Shaving cream r. Textiles s. Synthetic rubber t. Toothpaste

i. Automobile/furniture upholstery 4. Textiles and apparel—Cowhide is used to make leather, which gives us many of the items we wear or use. Examples a. Clothing b. Shoes c. Boots d. Belts e. Purses f. Wallets g. Gloves h. Luggage i. Automobile/furniture upholstery

5. Transportation— Beef by-products make automobile travel possible. a. Antifreeze- contains glycerol derived from beef fat. b. Asphalt- contains a binding agent from beef fat. c. Brake fluid is derived from Beef fats and protein d. Glue from beef protein- used in automobile bodies. e. Tires- have stearic acid, which makes rubber hold its shape.

MAJOR EXTERNAL PARTS OF A STEER

LOCATION OF MAJOR BEEF CUTS