Mashines&Detectors at Budker INP PhoPSi workshop, Beijing Novosibirsk, Russia 16/10/2009 PhoPSi workshop, Beijing

Academician Gersh Budker Budker INP is the Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Total staff- 2772 Physicists 400 (176 are under 40 year ) The Institute of Nuclear Physics (Novosibirsk, Russia) was founded in 1958 on the base of the headed by academician Gersh Budker Laboratory for new acceleration methods of the Institute of Atomic Energy (Moscow) headed at that time by academician Igor Kurchatov. Academician Gersh Budker (1918-1977)

Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics Research activity: Physics at Electron-Positron Colliders Physics of Accelerators Plasma Physics Synchrotron Radiation Research Accelerators-Recuperators and Powerful Free Electron Lasers Electron Accelerators for Industry Accelerators & Detectors for Medicine and Security Theoretical Physics Collaborations: -participation in physics experiments and accelerator physics (CERN, KEK, SLAC, BNL, IHEP, PSI, Dubna… ) -development and supply of the unique scientific equipment

Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics Workshop Workshop is very important: Flexible for fabrication of unique equipment for research at BINP Fabrication of equipment for other lab’s including small serial production (additional money for our research!) Wide Product Groups (magnets for accelerators, SC wigglers and undulators, vacuum components, electron accelerator for industry and etc…..) (1000 employers)

Mashines&Detectors at Budker INP A few generations of the colliders and detectors Collider 2E, Gev Detectors Operation VEP-1 (e-e-) 0.32 2 detectors 1965-67 VEPP-2 1.4 3 detectors 1967-72 VEPP-3 2.0 2 detectors 1972- (buster, SR, Nucl. Phys) VEPP-4 11.0 OLYA, MD-1 1980-85 VEPP-2M 1.4 OLYA, ND, CMD 1974-2000 SND, CMD-2 VEPP-4M 11.0 KEDR 2000- VEPP-2000 2.0 SND, CMD-3 2009 Tau-Charm ?

VEPP-2M Collider Complex operated 1974-2000; Lmax=4x1030cm–2sec–1 at E0=510 MeV; Total integrated luminosity 80 pb–1. Main results: - Development of the resonant depolarization technique for precise measurements of particles masses (from 1975) - Detailed study of K, , , and - mesons (precise measurements of parameters, rare decays and etc) Data analysis is not completed yet

Results of e+e– annihilation cross section measurements by SND and CMD-2 detectors at VEPP-2M These measurements are very important for calculation of the hadronic vacuum polarization contribution to g-2 of muon and 

VEPP-2000 Collider Status: in operation since 2009 ! VEPP-2000 Collider Status: in operation since 2009 Round beams (beam-beam effects suppressed), 2E=2000 MeV CMD-3 SND injection 13 T solenoids L=1x1031 cm-2 c-1 at 2E=1.0 ГэВ, I־I+ =45x35 mA² , ΔƲ=0.10 !

Main parameters of VEPP-2000 Circumference 24.38 м Revolution time 82 ns Beam current 200 mA Beam length 3.3 cm Energy spread 6.4×10-4 Luminosity @ 1.0 GeV 1031 cm-2s-1 Luminosity @ 2.0 GeV 1032 cm-2s-1

VEPP-2000 Sept 2009

Physics at VEPP-2000 Study of hadronic cross sections e+e– →2h, 3h, 4h …, h= ,K,,… Precision measurement of R=(e+e– → hadrons)/ (e+e–→+–) Study of light vector mesons excitations: ’, ’’, ’, ’,.. CVC testing by comparison of the energy dependence of e+e– → hadr. (I=1) cross sections with spectral functions in t -decays Measurement of the nucleons electromagnetic form factors and search for NN- resonances Study of e+e– -annihilation into hadrons at low energy by radiative return (ISR) Two-photon physics High order OED processes

SND for VEPP-2000 status: ready for data tacking 1 – beam pipe, 2 – tracking system, 3 – aerogel, 4 – NaI(Tl) crystals, 5 – phototriodes, 6 – muon absorber, 7–9 – muon detector, 10 – focusing solenoid. Upgrade for VEPP-2000: Cherenkov counter, n=1.13: e/p separation at E<450 MeV, p/K separation at E<1 GeV, New drift chamber: better tracking

SND particle identification system e/π, p/K separation; principle – aerogel threshold Cherenkov counter with wavelength shifter and microchannel plate PMT 1 – MCP PMT; 2 – aerogel; 3 – WLS The PID system design Amplitude spectrum for cosmic muons Aerogel refraction index n=1,13 Aerogel thickness: 31 mm Reflector – Teflon, R~98% Shape: cylindrical. Rin=105mm, Rout=141 mm 3 segments, 3 counters each Solid angle coverage: ~60% от 4p Thickness: 0.09 X0

Cryogenic Magnetic Detector-3 1 – vacuum chamber 2 – drift chamber 3 – electromagnetic calorimeter BGO 4 – Z – chamber 5 – CMD SC solenoid 6 – electromagnetic calorimeter LXe 7 – electromagnetic calorimeter CsI 8 – yoke 9 – VEPP-2000 solenoid

CMD-3 LXe calorimeter Thickness 5.7 X0 Total LXe mass 1200 kg (400 l) Fine granularity: 264 –towers for energy measurements 2124 – strip channels (Z and R-f layers) for coordinate measurements.

CMD-3 barrel calorimeter energy resolution (CsI+LXe)

Motivation for CMD-3 LXe calorimeter Determination of photon's point of entry to calorimeter with 1 mm resolution allows to reconstruct pi0 and other final states with photons with high accuracy The calorimeter is longitudinally segmented into seven layers, allowing particle identification using shower profile and dE/dx Coordinate resolution vs. layer number Spatial resolution In crystal calorimeters: ~5-10 mm/E(GeV) !!!!

CMD-3 is ready to move at VEPP-2000 (sept 2009)

VEPP-3 and VEPP-4M Collider Complex 4. Detector KEDR ROKK-1M 2Е=211 ГэВ L=2х10**30 см-2с-1 L= 8х10**31 см-2с-1

Detector KEDR at VEPP-4M

VEPP-4M and KEDR detector The luminosity of VEPP-4M is rather low than at B-factories But some advantages: Large energy region 2Е=211 ГэВ Technology of high precision measurement of the beam energy (concentration on high precision particle mass measurement). Detector KEDR equipped by LKr calorimeter with high energy and space resolution. High resolution tagging system (two-photon physics).

Resonance depolarization method at VEPP-4M New development of method precision improved by 10 times The beam energy at VEPP-4M can be measured by this method with accuracy of 5х10-7 ! (Ме /Ме=10-7)

Energy measurement by Compton backscattering VEPP-4M, 2006-09, 900-2000 MeV

Compton backscattering at VEPP-4M The precision of energy measurement is 30-50 KeV ( 1keV for RD!) BUT! No polarized beams needed Energy measurements during experiments (in case of any jumps RD used) Energy spread can be measured with precision of 5% A few isotopes used for detector calibration and stability check The final calibration by resonance depolarization The new system prepared for BES-III experiment at IHEP (Beijing)

Detector KEDR tagging system for two photon physics Resolution for 2 invariant mass is 0.1% Only one place where total cross section of  hadrons can be measured reliably High energy resolution photon beam (<0.5%) is available: -Calibration of the detectors -Study of non-linear QED processes: Delbruk scattering and Photon splitting

Physics at KERD&VEPP-4M High precision measurements of particle masses: J/, (2S), (3S), D-mesons, -lepton, (1S) (2S) ,(3S), Y(4S)……………. Spectroscopy of cc and bb states The measurement of R in the energy region 2E=2-7 GeV Two photon physic: total cross section hadrons , study of C-even states _ _

High precision particle mass measurements with KEDR at VEPP-4M

High precision particle mass measurement with KEDR at VEPP-4M Tau-lepton mass measurement VERY important for test of μ  universality!

Novosibirsk Tay-Charm factory Exist Injection facility VEPP-5 (will be used for VEPP-4M and VEPP-2000) Tunnel for the linac and the technical straight section of the factory is ready L = 2×10**35 cm-2s-1, Variable energy Ecm= 2 – 5 GeV (Mashine in Levichev’s presentation)

VEPP-5 injection complex (linac’s) status: in operation (2x10¹º e± /s)

VEPP-5 injection complex (damping ring) status: in operation

Super C/tau Factory at Novosibirsk (physics) ► D-Dbar mixing ► CP violation searches in charm decays ► Rare and forbidden charm decays ► Standard Model tests in  leptons decays ► Searches for lepton flavor violation t→mg ► CP/T violation searches in  leptons decays Requirements: L > 1035 cm-2 s-1, longitudinal polarization, General Purpose with perfect PID

Polarization at Super C/tau Factory If even one beam polarized,  almost 100% longitudinally polarized near the threshold Michel parameters CP-violation in -decays Polarization may increase sensitivity by several times!

Budker INP collaborations (particle physics) CERN: ATLAS, LHCb KEK: BELLE SLAC: BaBar Super-B PSI: MEG BNL: G-2 IHEP :BES-III (energy measurements +analysis)

BINP contribution in ATLAS New designs for LAr EM end-cap calorimeter and presampler have been proposed and accepted by collaboration Construction: -test beam facility -LAr EM end-cap calorimeter -presampler (full responsibility) -EM end-assembly table (full responsibility) -big muon MDT wheels (full responsibility) -bus-bars for all ATLAS magnet (full responsibility) Simulation -EM end-cap calorimeter (full responsibility) -calorimeter calibration Computing -GRID software development -ATLAS front-end computing development Commissioning Data analysis -search for Mayorano neutrino -tau-lepton physics

BINP contribution in LHb Beam lost monitor Computing Commissioning Data analysis LHb is very attractive for BINP’s physicists next step in B-physics after BELLE and BaBar (Bondar’s presentation)

Goal 10-13 (possibly 10-14 in future) Italy, Japan, Russia, Switzerland, U.S.A. The MEG experiment Approved at PSI in 1999 Goal 10-13 (possibly 10-14 in future) BINP contribution to MEG: Construction (transport SC solenoid) Data tacking Data analysis

Conclusion A few generations of colliders and detectors successfully operated at Budker INP with world wide recognized contribution to particle physics VEPP-4M and VEPP-2000 with 3 detectors are in operation at present interesting physics in the coming years Budker INP successfully collaborates in a few outstanding experiments outside (we have to keep balance between home and outside experiments) Super Tau-Charm is a future (but official approval is necessary!)

From VEP-1 to Tau-charm factory! VEPP-2 VEPP-3 VEPP-2000 VEPP-4M VEPP-4 Tau-charm