Steve Griffith February 28th, 2017 Energy Storage System (ESS) Guide for Compliance with Safety Codes and Standards Steve Griffith February 28th, 2017

Agenda Description of this Compliance Guide Who prepared the Compliance Guide Purpose of this Compliance Guide Contents of the Compliance Guide: Energy Storage System Product and Component Review and Approval Energy Storage System Installation Review and Approval Possible Template for Energy Storage System Review and Approval Reference material: 5 Appendices Possible next steps

Description of this Compliance Guide New document – published June 2016. Developed by a national team of experts. Recognizes the growth of Energy Storage Systems throughout the USA. Shows how emerging technology can be installed while codes and standards are being updated.

Preparation of the Compliance Guide Compliance Guide Working Group Task Force - 29 staff experts from: Code development organizations, e.g. NFPA, ICC, etc. Standards development organizations, e.g. UL, NEMA, IEC, etc. Testing and certification organizations, e.g. FM Global, UL, etc. Product manufacturers, e.g. Beacon Power, GE Energy Storage, Tesla Motors, etc. Electric Utilities, e.g. Salt River Project, American Public Power Association, etc.

Purpose of the Compliance Guide Facilitate timely installation of stationary energy storage systems in relation to existing safety codes and regulations that are based on voluntary sector standards and model codes. Address challenges to documenting and verifying compliance with codes that have not yet been updated to specifically include energy storage systems. Provide assistance to installers (builders) who need to show compliance with current safety codes. Provide guidance to those responsible for approving installations, e.g. local authorities.

Table 3.1. Energy Storage System and Component Standards Energy Storage System Product and Component Review Table 3.1. Energy Storage System and Component Standards Title Designation Molded-case circuit breakers, molded-case switches, and circuit-breaker encl. UL 489 Electrochemical capacitors UL 810A Lithium batteries UL 1642 Inverters, converters, controllers and interconnection system equipment for use with distributed energy resources UL 1741   Batteries for use in stationary applications UL 1973 Second-use batteries UL 1974 (proposed) Recommended practice and procedures for unlabeled electrical equipment evaluation NFPA 791 Standard for interconnecting distributed resources with electric power systems IEEE 1547 Outline for investigation for safety for ESSs and equipment UL 9540 (proposed) Safety for distributed energy generation and storage systems UL 3001 (proposed) Safety standard for molten salt thermal energy storage systems ASME TES-1 (proposed) UL Underwriters Laboratory NFPA National Fire Protection Association ASME TES American Society of Mechanical Engineers Thermal Energy Storage

Energy Storage System Product and Component Review Investigate “bench standards”, protocols, and other acceptance criteria Conduct internal testing (i.e. self-testing) as required by standards. Approved third party testing Conduct a Failure Modes & Effects Analysis (FMEA) Test Reports can be used as safety documentation Third party certification agency to monitor ongoing ESS system production

Energy Storage System Installation Review and Approval Table 4.1. Topics Associated with an Energy Storage System Installation Administration The scope and purpose of the CSR and how it applies to new and existing ESS installations – these provisions will define what is covered in the CSR and how the provisions will apply to the ESS as a product or components and their installation. References Any other code, standard, or regulation document that is related to the installation of the ESS will generally be referenced and as such becomes part of the CSR in which is it referenced. Definitions All relevant terms are defined – these can be critical in ‘sorting out’ what does and does not apply to an ESS installation and if applicable how the provisions are to be implemented. ESS equipment and components How to define the ESS (product, factory-matched components, field designed, and assembled) and what applies to documenting and verifying the safety of the ESS related to any design or construction that takes place off-site (e.g., as manufactured). Siting Location in relation to various aspects of the site (e.g., parking, road, etc.) as well as criteria relevant to location in, on, or adjacent to other buildings. Interconnection with other systems Connections to communications, electrical inputs and outputs, and other energy related systems on the site as well as any interconnections with an electric utility. Ventilation, exhaust, and thermal management Air flows, relative pressures, temperature and intake, and exhaust locations associated with the normal operation of the ESS. Fire protection Fire and smoke detection, fire suppression, containment of fire and smoke, smoke removal, containment of fluids and effluent from, firefighting operations, access/egress and signage. Commissioning Validating the proper operation

Energy Storage System Installation Review and Approval Determine which agencies, authorities, etc.. have responsibility for approval Determine applicable Codes Standards & Regulations (CSRs). Review CSRs in relation to the ESS technology being considered for installation Plan beforehand Consider inviting the local fire department even if they are not involved in the approval of the ESS installation

Possible Template for Energy Storage System Review and Approval Serves as a checklist for those seeking to document that an ESS meets CSRs applicable to the ESS and its installation Can also help guide Authorities Having Jurisdiction (AHJs) in focusing on verifying compliance with their adopted codes and standards.

Energy Storage System Guide Reference Material Appendix A – Overview of Codes, Standards and Regulation (CSR) Development, Adoption, and Compliance Verification Appendix B – Overview of Conformity Assessment for Energy Storage System Products and Components and Installation of the System Appendix C – Standards Related to Energy Storage System Components (38 standards are listed) Appendix D – Standards Related to the Entire Energy Storage System (50 standards are listed) Appendix E – Standards Related to the Installation of Energy Storage Systems (72 standards are listed)

Possible Next Steps Manufacturers version of the compliance guide Variation focused on validation of safety compliance that could be made available to code officials (in conjunction with the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA), the International Code Council (ICC) and the International Association of Electrical Inspectors (IAEI)) Case studies outlining how ESS installations have been documented and verified as safe in relation to current CSR

Thank you. Document reference: http://www. sandia Thank you. Document reference: http://www.sandia.gov/ess/publications/SAND2016-5977R.pdf Steve.Griffith @nema.org