The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland Hana Koťátková

Location and basic information situated in north‑west Europe on the island of Great Britain and the northern part of the island of Ireland + smaller surrounding islands (The nearby Isle of Man, Bailiwick of Guernsey and Bailiwick of Jersey are not part of the United Kingdom) made up of four countries : England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland a constitutional monarchy = has a parliament and a monarch the Queen Elizabeth II. a temperate climate and is famous for its wet weather the Union Jack

Great Britain Vs. The United Kingdom vs. British Isles

The Union Jack

Population Density 61 million Live Mostly in cities

Political system constitutional monarchy with the queen (Elizabeth II) as the formal head of the state Countries are governed by the Governments a body of ministers with the prime minister as the head of the government • three major political parties - the Conservative Party (the British traditions of conservatism) - the Labour Party (socialism) - the Liberal Democrats (social liberalism) The Parliament - House of Commons (elected) - House of Lords (appointed)

British political Hierarchy

Geography between the North Atlantic Ocean and the North Sea separated by the English Channel from France 10% of the UK was forested, 46% used for pastures and 25% cultivated for agriculture Prime Meridian - The Royal Greenwich Observatory The main rivers and estuary - the Thames, Severn and the Humber terrain of England is mostly hilly (small) and green The north is more mountainous, Highlands Boundary Fault - a geological rock fracture in Scotland

Lakes in the Lake District Buttermere, Wast Water, Windermere in Scotland Loch Ness – the largest lake by volume, Loch Lomond, Loch Lochy in Northern Ireland Lough Neagh

England the largest of the countries Seat of political power The Houses of Parliament and Buckingham Palace London, Liverpool, Manchester, Oxford Stonehenge

Scotland just under a third of the total area of the UK (including nearly eight hundred islands) an independent state until 1707 (joined a union with the Kingdom of England) Edinburgh, Glasgow Quite mountainous - Ben Nevis (1,343 metres)- the highest point in the British Isles Official language: Welsh (English, Scottish Gaelic)

Wales Cardiff, Swansea and Newport mostly mountainous, though South Wales is less mountainous than North and mid Wales The main population and industrial areas are in South Wales the Welsh 3000s = 15 Welsh mountains over 900 metres high Anglesey = the largest of the Welsh‘s islands three national parks Largely self-governing since 1998

Northern Ireland remained part of the United Kingdom when Ireland gained independence separated from Great Britain by the Irish Sea and North Channel own government Belfast Lough Neagh – the largest lake in UK

Cities LONDON The capital city of the UK Westminster - the Houses of Parliament and the clock tower with Big Ben Buckingham Palace , The Royal Parks- Hyde park, The London Eye – the biggest ferris wheel in EU, The British Museum, The National Gallery, Madame Tussaud’s Wax Museum, the Tower Bridge, Trafalgar Square river Themes Around 11 millions people https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=45ETZ1xvHS0

Edinburgh Scotland's second most populous city, an univesity city Edinburgh Castle, Holyrood Palace, the churches of St. Giles, Greyfriars, the Georgian New Town + Arthur‘s seat Edinburgh's Old Town and New Town – listend as a UNESCO World Heritage Site The University of Edinburgh - founded in 1582 the Edinburgh International Festival and the Fringe (the largest annual international arts festival) Cities

Cities Cardiff the country's chief commercial centre, the base for most national cultural and sporting institutions, the Welsh national media, and the seat of the National Assembly for Wales the county town Cardiff beach, Cardiff University, Cardiff castle Belfast largest city of Northern Ireland, has undergone considerable expansion and regeneration in recent years a major port - commercial and industrial docks - listed as a global city two airports: George Best Belfast City Airport and Belfast International Airport Victoria Square https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BfKtlsUU0D0

Cities Liverpool the Beatles the fifth largest metropolitan area in the UK the Liverpool Maritime Mercantile City - Unesco - six locations in the city centre: Pier Head (the Stanley Dock Conservation Area), Albert Dock and William Brown Street the Three Graces: the Museum of Liverpool, Liverpool Town Hall https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ojrHLXj8GJA&t=10s

Cities Manchester home to Manchester United football team the third-most visited city in the UK Wide use of red brick + new architecture Manchester Town Hall in Albert Square skyscrapers: CIS Tower, Beetham Tower (a Hilton hotel) Lancaster house, John Rylands Library six designated Local Nature Reserves The first splitting of an atom or first computer https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o_TKIM1vUEs

Cities Oxford the University of Oxford - one of the oldest universities the county town the "city of dreaming spires„ Christ Church, Tom Tower, Carfax Tower, the historic Covered Market, The Bodleian Library The Headington Shark - a rooftop sculpture of oversized shark

Cities Glasgow the largest city in Scotland, from a small rural settlement to the largest seaport in Britain Glaswegians or Weegies Glasgow Science Centre, Glasgow School of Art, glasgow necropolis, George Square, Kelvingrove Park

Landmarks of the UK Stonehenge London the Greenwich Observatory Windsor Castle York church Loch Ness lake Arthur's Seat And many more