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Unit 3 Part 2 Study Guide Answers Nationalism & Latin American Revolutions

What does Nationalism mean? Loyalty to a nation NOT a ruler & pride in one’s own country that is based on shared customs, a common history, shared language and religion

Which countries nationalist movements were examples of separation movements? Greece, France, Mexico, Haiti, South American countries, and Central American countries

Which countries nationalist movements were examples of unification movements? Germany & Italy

What did the Congress of Vienna do? All lands taken by Napoleon were returned to the nations to which they belonged and absolute monarchs were also restored to their thrones

Who were the two leaders of the Italian Unification movement? Giuseppe Garibaldi & Camillo di Cavour

What empire was Greece successful at separating from? Ottoman Empire

Which Prussian leader promised to follow the policies of realpolitik & blood and iron to unify Germany? Otto von Bismarck

Which 3 countries did Prussia have to defeat in its quest for a unified Germany? Austria, France, Denmark

Who became king of Italy after they became unified? Victor Emmanuel III

Who was the leader of the Red Shirts? Giuseppe Garibaldi

What were the Latin American Revolutions influenced by? Enlightenment ideas American & French Revolutions Nationalism

Which European country had control of Haiti? France

Who was the leader of the revolution in Haiti? Toussaint L’Ouverture

Why was Haiti’s revolution so significant? It was the first and only slave revolt that ended in true independence

How was society divided in Spanish controlled Latin America How was society divided in Spanish controlled Latin America? (Draw the triangle and make sure to know them in order.)

Which social group had the most political power in Latin America before the revolutions? Peninsulares

Which social class most often led the revolutions in Latin America? Creoles

What continent did Simon Bolivar want to unite into one country (Gran Colombia)? South America

Who was a Catholic priest who started the Mexican War for Independence by leading a revolt against Spain in 1810? Father Miguel Hidalgo

Who successfully led Mexico to independence against Spain, in 1821? Agustín de Iturbide

Who led independence movements in the South American countries of Venezuela, Colombia, and Ecuador Peru, and Bolivia? (“The George Washington of South America”) Simon Bolivar

What South American independence fighter helped to liberate Chile and Argentina from the Spanish? Jose’ de San Martin