Monday November 10, 2014 Daily Academic Vocabulary Write in your agenda: Collect Annotation Logs/Get new ones Daily Academic Vocabulary Expository Text Structures Homework: Read for AR/Complete Annotation Logs.

Interactive Notebook Add to the Table of Contents 11-10-14 Expository Text Structures –page 51

Understanding Text Organization 6.10C explain how the organizational pattern of text influence the relationship among ideas

do we teach text organization? Why do we teach text organization? Text comprehension is improved when students can recognize the underlying structure of text (Williams, 2005). “Awareness" of text structure helps students understand global ideas, or main theses (Seidenberg, 1989;Weaver & Kintsch, 1991) Students are more likely to remember and interpret the ideas they encounter when they read.

Two Types of Text Fiction Nonfiction Narrative text Author’s purpose is to entertain or tell a story characters, setting, plot, rising action, turning point, climax, falling action, denouement, conflict, resolution, and theme Folktales, fables, myths, legends, fantasy, realistic fiction, historical fiction, mystery, science fiction Nonfiction Expository text Author’s purpose is to inform , provide explanations, persuade Factual information about people, places, events, or things No story elements Biographies, autobiographies, memoir, science, math, history textbooks, news articles

What is Text Organization? Text organization refers to the pattern in which the author organizes information in text We have learned the organization of narrative text = story elements Expository text or nonfiction is a little more difficult 6 types of organization patterns that we will learn Every paragraph could organized in a different way

GOAL!!!! 1. Every student will know the 6 expository text organization patterns 2. Identify the 6 different expository text organization patterns as you read 3. Record information from your reading on the appropriate expository text pattern graphic organizer 4. Create a paragraph using each of the 6 types of expository text organization patterns

Types of Text Organization Patterns Cause and Effect Sequence Problem and Solution Description Compare and Contrast Proposition-and-Support

Cause and Effect Cause is why something happened. Effect is what happened. (Sometimes the effect is listed first.)

Cause and Effect Signal Questions and Signal Words What happened? Why did it happen? What caused it to happen? So Because Since Therefore If…then This led to Reason why As a result May be due to Effect of Consequently For this reason

Example

Key #3

Sequence Describes items or events in order or tells the steps to follow to do something or make something.

Sequence Signal Questions and Signal Words What items, events, or steps are listed? Do they have to happen in this order? Do they always happen in this order? First Second Next Then Before After Finally Following Not long after Now Soon

EXAMPLE

Key #2

Problem and Solution Tells about a problem (and sometimes says why there is a problem) then gives one or more possible solutions.

Problem & Solution Signal Questions and Signal Words What is the problem? Why is this a problem? Is anything being done to try to solve the problem? What can be done to solve the problem? Question is… Dilemma is… The puzzle is… To solve this… One answer is… One reason for the problem is

EXAMPLE

Key #4

Description A topic, idea, person, place, or thing is described by listing its features, characteristics, or examples.

Description Signal Questions/Words What specific topic, person, idea, or thing is being described? How is it being described (what does it look like, how does it work, what does it do, etc.)? What is important to remember about it? For instance Such as… To begin with An example To illustrate Characteristics *Look for the topic word (or a synonym or pronoun) to be repeated

EXAMPLE

Key #1 Descriptive

Shows how two or more things are alike and/or how they are different. Compare and Contrast Shows how two or more things are alike and/or how they are different.

Compare and Contrast Signal Questions/Words What things are being compared? In what ways are they alike? In what ways are they different? Same as Similar Alike As well as Not only…but also Both Instead of Either…or On the other hand Different from As opposed to

EXAMPLE

Key #5

Proposition-And-Support A proposition-support article is persuasive (beliefs, opinions) uses logic and reason to show that one idea is more legitimate than another idea

Support and Proposition Signal Questions/Words Is the author trying to convince me to do something? Can I tell how the author feels about this? Facts, including the results of scientific research and surveys. Statistics– facts in number form. Examples– specific instances that illustrate reasons or facts. Anecdotes– brief stories, such as personal experiences. Definitions Opinions from Experts on the subject, especially with direct quotations.

EXAMPLE Alligators are endangered species. These animals are hunted and killed for very selfish reasons. Some people kill these precious reptiles and use their skin to make expensive shoes. These reptiles were placed on the endangered species list in 1971. People should take action to help the American alligator. We should pass laws saying that hunting alligators is illegal. We also should create alligator farms to help increase their numbers. When the young are strong enough, they could be released back to the wild. This law would help replenish the population and alligators would no longer be endangered.

How do we identify text organization? Step 1: Read the Expository text Make poster Step 2: Identify signal/clue words Step 3: Ask yourself does the text compare and contrast, sequence, proposition and support, cause and effect, or describe Skill development Review each step of identifying text structures and apply steps

Your Time to Practice!!