Class Insecta Mr. Hooper March 2015 The Insects Class Insecta Mr. Hooper March 2015

Cactus Longhorn Beetle Phylum Arthropoda Arthropod is from the Greek words “Arthros” meaning joint and “podos” meaning leg or foot. The arthropods are divided into five major groups: Class Crustacea Class Arachnida Class Chilopoda Class Diplopoda Class Insecta Cactus Longhorn Beetle (Moneilema gigas) http://fireflyforest.net/firefly/2006/11/23/cactus-longhorn-beetle/

Class Insecta http://www.britannica.com/bps/media-view/139386/1/0/0

What is an Insect? Insects are arthropods with three body sections, six legs, one pair of antennae, and usually one or two pairs of wings.

Insect Body Plan http://www.umaa.org/images/mosquito.jpg The three body sections of an insect are the head, thorax, and abdomen.

Insect Body Sections -Head Most of the insect’s sense organs, such as the two, large compound eyes and antennae are located on the head. A compound eye is an eye with many lenses. Most insects also have small, simple eyes than can distinguish light from dark. http://www.umaa.org/images/mosquito.jpg Six-spotted Tiger Beetle

Insect Body Sections -Thorax The insect’s midsection or thorax is the section to which the wings and legs are attached. Flight allows insects the ability to travel long distances to find food, mates, and habitat. http://ugly-animals.blogspot.com/2011/07/damselfly.html Blue Damselfly

Insect Body Sections -Abdomen http://www.blisspest.com/pest-library/profile/ants The insect’s most posterior body section is the abdomen. Inside the abdomen are many of the insect’s internal organs. Small holes called spiracles on the outside of the abdomen lead to a system of tubes inside the insect.

Obtaining Food

Class Insecta Complete Metamorphosis Fireflies undergo complete Complete metamorphosis in the butterfly Brooker Biology textbook, Copyright McGraw-Hill companies http://www.firefly.org/firefly-pictures.html#

Complete Metamorphosis Flies and fleas undergo complete metamorphosis. http://www.petdental.com/dog-care/dog-diseases/flea-life-cycle.html http://science.howstuffworks.com/environmental/life/zoology/insects-arachnids/housefly4.htm

Complete Metamorphosis in Beetles Beetles including ladybird beetles and Japanese beetles go through the four stages of complete metamorphosis. http://www.megaminifarm.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/06/20185472_s.jpg http://www2.ca.uky.edu/entomology/entfacts/images/jblifecycle.jpg

Class Insecta Gradual Metamorphosis http://ptygmatics.wordpress.com/page/2/ Grasshoppers, termites, cockroaches, dragonflies, praying mantises, thrips and cicadas go through gradual metamorphosis. http://insects.about.com/od/growthmetamorphosi1/ss/typesmetamorph_3.htm

Earwigs undergo gradual metamorphosis. http://ptygmatics.wordpress.com/page/2/ Earwigs undergo gradual metamorphosis. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Earwig_life_cycle_2.svg

Insects as Beneficial Predators Any organism that exists by preying upon other organisms. Adult green lacewing Insects that are beneficial predators include lacewing adults and larvae, praying mantises, and ladybugs. Biological Control A natural predator released into an area to combat a pest insect. Lacewing larva are voracious predators also known as “aphid lions.”

Insects as Pollinators An animal that carries pollen from one plant to another of the same species, enabling plants to reproduce. Insect pollinators include bees, wasps, beetles, butterflies, and flies. http://mary-goingnative.blogspot.com/2012/03/pollinators.html

Insects as Decomposers An organism that breaks down wastes and dead organisms. Insect decomposers include beetles, flies, and termites. http://commandpestcontrol.com/termite-identification/#!prettyPhoto/1/

Insects as Food for Humans Insects are collected and eaten by people in many parts of the world. Grasshoppers, ants, crickets, and cicadas are types of insects eaten by humans.

Insects as Food for Humans Crick-ettes ®: Real edible crickets! Original Cricket Snax in Salt n' Vinegar, Bacon & Cheddar Cheese, and Sour Cream & Onion seasoning. Eight boxes of each flavor. 24 - 1.4g boxes.

Medically Important Insects http://emad-donnelly.org/mosquitointro.htm http://extension.missouri.edu/p/g7380 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bed_bug

Insects as Structural Pests Termites and carpenter ants damage homes and structures by eating and weakening wood. Cockroaches crawl through dirty areas and then walk around our homes tracking in lots of bacteria and germs. They can contaminate food by shedding their skins. Their cast off skin and waste byproducts are allergens that can trigger allergic reactions, asthma and other illnesses, especially in children.

Insects as Crop Pests Brown Marmorated Stink Bug Aphid with nymphs http://jenny.tfrec.wsu.edu/opm/displaySpecies.php?pn=-25

Integrated Pest Management Integrated Pest Management (IPM) is a strategy of managing pest insects with the least effect to people, pets, and the environment. IPM strives to control pests through multiple strategies. Control measures include habitat modification, physical methods, biological controls, and responsible and safe use of pesticides.

Integrated Pest Management http://sccoastalpesticides.org/images/ipm.png http://www.versicolor.ca/lawns/img/shelves/NEWLABEL/insectigone450.gif Advantages of IPM include a decrease in the use of pesticides, increases in beneficial insects, and a decrease in the prevalence of pesticide resistant pest species.

Works Cited Ambylopygi (whip spider). http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-vtwnAx3jQcM/Tdp3gc9pPvI/AAAAAAAAN-8/VKdujp4X6Lc/s640/whip+spider.jpg American carrion beetles. http://naturalpatriot.org/2008/06/05/in-praise-of-dung-beetles/. American carrion beetle-single. http://www.hiltonpond.org/thisweek040508.html. Aphid. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Acyrthosiphon_pisum_(pea_aphid)-PLoS.jpg. Beetle eating leaf. http://us.123rf.com/400wm/400/400/anderm/anderm0806/anderm080600017/3214972-green-bug-eating-leaf.jpg. Body plan diagram. http://entnemdept.ufl.edu/fasulo/vector/graphics/bodyparts.jpg. Bowl of grasshoppers. http://z11.invisionfree.com/Basta_de_opresion/index.php?showtopic=5773&st=15. Brown marmoted stink bug. http://pubs.ext.vt.edu/2902/2902-1100/2902-1100.html. Cicadas on a stick. http://www.time.com/time/nation/article/0,8599,2078830,00.html. Cockroach. http://www.massappealnews.com/2010/09/07/cockroaches-used-as-medicine/. Crick-ettes. http://store.offbeattreats.com/merchant2/graphics/00000001/crickettes.jpg Feeding mosquito. http://images.gizmag.com/hero/nanoparticle-mosquito-dsrna-gene-silencing-chitin.jpeg. Green lacewing adult. http://nathistoc.bio.uci.edu/neuropt/Chrysopa.htm. Horsefly. http://img.fotocommunity.com/Aufnahmetechniken/Natur-Makros/Pferdebremse-a18767598.jpg. IPM Cycle. http://sccoastalpesticides.org/images/ipm-integrated-pest-management.png. Ladybird and aphids. http://www.mattcolephotography.co.uk/Galleries/insects/Bugs%20&%20Beetles/Seven%20Spot%20Ladybird%20eating%20Aphids%203.jpg Plague soldier beetle. http://myrmecos.net/2012/01/16/australia-buried-under-a-plague-of-soldier-beetles/. Praying mantis. http://ryecityschools.midland.schoolfusion.us/modules/cms/pages.phtml?sessionid=&pageid=157706.

Works Cited Red Admiral. http://riverbankscribe.files.wordpress.com/2012/01/butterfly_red-admiral-by-jim-asher.jpg. Scarab Beetle. http://kirbyandfriends.files.wordpress.com/2011/03/scarab-beetle-cetonia-aurata.jpg. Six –spotted tiger beetle. http://www.photomacrography.net/forum/viewtopic.php?t=9848&sid=adb89762a9683994600c1e459ed11cd7. Termite damage. http://jwlumber.com/page_display.php?id=15. Yellow jacket close-up. http://farm4.staticflickr.com/3448/3860366267_a27776da55_z.jpg?zz=1. Yellow jacket dorsal. http://bugguide.net/images/cache/3K9RLQWRIQTQU0L0M0CQ6000N0S0G0NRHQFR7QK0W0Q0IQ1R50CQ80YQHQUR3KYQHQWR3KOQP0K0QQL0N0OR60YR.jpg. Yellow jacket profile. http://evanspestmanagement.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/05/yellowjacket.jpg.