The Diversity of Americans Civics Goal 1/10

What is Civics? Civics= is the study of rights and duties of citizens

What is Civics? Citizenship= the rights and duties of members of a state

What is Civics? Citizens= community member who owes loyalty to the government and is entitled to protection

What is Civics? Citizens may share a common history, common custom, or common beliefs; they agree to follow a set of rules and accept the government’s authority

A Changing Society On the back of every American coin, you find the phrase E pluribus unum, meaning “Out of many, one”; this reminds us we are a nation of immigrants

A Changing Society The 1st Europeans to settle permanently in North America arrived from Spain during the 1500s; they lived in what is now Florida, California, and the Southwest

A Changing Society During the past 50 years, immigration from Europe has lagged behind the rest of the world; Latin America now accounts for the largest share, followed by Asia

A Changing Society In the mid-1800s people began moving from rural areas to cities for higher wages and found work in factories; these workers became known as blue-collar workers Others found jobs in offices, schools, stores and other nonfactory settings and were called white- collar workers by 1920 half of Americans lived in towns or cities

Blue Collar Workers White Collar Workers

A Changing Society Another change was the shift to service industry jobs; manufacturing has lost ground to what we call the “service economy” many Americans earn a living by providing services

A Changing Society For much of our history, the Northeast (the Rustbelt) was the most populous part of the country Today, the South and West (the Sunbelt) are the fastest growing regions

A Changing Society The average age of citizens is climbing upward as people live longer and have fewer children

A Changing Society Latinos, or Hispanic Americans, are the fastest growing ethnic group; if current patterns continue, minority groups taken as a whole, will soon be in the majority

American Values and Institutions Values= broad ideas about what is good or desirable, and are shared by people in a society and influence the way we act Freedom Equality Opportunity Justice Democracy Unity Respect Tolerance

American Values and Institutions American values include the belief in popular sovereignty, government by consent of the governed through fair elections, equal justice, and majority rule POPULAR SOVEREIGNTY- POWER LIES WITH THE PEOPLE.

American Values and Institutions Institutions= sets of ideas people have about relationships, obligations, roles, and functions of society, the most important is the family

American Values and Institutions 1. Religious- church, temple, mosque, etc. 2. Educational- school, college 3. Social- clubs, volunteer organizations 4. Government

Government and the People

2/1 FQ “Without government life would be solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short.” -Thomas Hobbes Do you agree with this statement? Why or why not?

The Need for Government A government is the ruling authority for a community or society; it has the power to make and enforce laws and decisions for its members The most important purpose of government is to provide laws, or rules of conduct which help prevent and settle conflict

The Need for Government 1. Keep Order 2. Provide Security 3. Provide Services 4. Guide the Community

The Need for Government Government formulates public policy, or a course of government action to achieve community goals Most public policy decisions involve financial planning; governments must use money wisely and create a budget, a plan for collecting and spending money

Levels of Government 1. National (USA) 2. State (NC) 3. Local (Duplin County)

Types of Government A direct democracy is a type of government where all citizens meet to debate government matters and vote firsthand (ex. Ancient Athens)

Types of Government A representative democracy – Republic – Republicanism is a type of government where citizens choose a smaller group to represent them, make laws, and govern on their behalf (US has this form of gov’t)

Types of Government A republic is a system of limited government in which the people are the ultimate source of governmental power

Queen Elizabeth I, ruled England from 1558-1603 Types of Government A monarchy describes a government with a hereditary ruler- a king or queen who inherits this position of power (Types include: Limited and Absolute) Queen Elizabeth I, ruled England from 1558-1603

Queen Elizabeth II, Constitutional Monarch of Great Britain Types of Government Modern constitutional monarchies follow democratic practices; the monarchs are only heads of state that preside at ceremonies and serve as symbols of unity Queen Elizabeth II, Constitutional Monarch of Great Britain

Types of Government In democratic regimes, the people rule; in authoritarian regimes, power is held by an individual or group not accountable to the people

Saddam Hussein, Dictator of Iraq from 1979-2003 Types of Government Another form of authoritarian government is a dictatorship where dictators usually take power by force; and limit people’s freedoms to stay in power Saddam Hussein, Dictator of Iraq from 1979-2003

Types of Government In a totalitarian state, the government’s control extends to almost all aspects of people’s lives Nazi Germany under Adolf Hitler (1933-1945) was a Totalitarian State