Chapter 6: Plant Pests and Their Control

Chapter 6: Plant Pests and Their Control OBJECTIVES: List and define the Biological Science branches related to plant pests. Describe the anatomical features of insects. Define words associated with plant diseases. Define a weed. Define terms associated with pest control.

Biological Branches Related to Plant Pests: Entomology – the study of insects, including their effects on plants, and how to control them. Plant Pathology – the study of diseases, their causes, and methods of control. Mycology – the study of fungi

Insects Insects transform more dramatically during their development than any other member of the animal kingdom..

Insects Metamorphosis is the process of change that occurs in insects as they grow. The 4 stages of Metamorphosis are: Egg Larva Pupa Adult

Exoskeleton – the hard protective covering of an insect’s body.

Insects Digestive System - a tube that extends from the mouth of the insect to its anus.

Insects Respiratory System - combines expansion and contraction of the abdomen with diffusion to exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide in the cells and tissues.

Insects Nervous System – groups of specialized cells called ganglia and the nerve fibers that join the ganglia to other parts of the insects body

Disease Terms Parasite – an organism incapable of manufacturing its own food. Symptoms – responses to pathogenic irritants and insects. Inoculum - the infectious form of a pathogen. Once a pathogen penetrates the hosts’ tissues, the plant is infected.

Disease Terms Etiolation – when a plant turns yellow because it lacks light. Chlorosis – when a plant turns yellow but does not lack light.

Weeds A weed is a plant that has no economic value and/or grows in a place where it is not desired.

Pest Control Protection – the principle of control that sets up a barrier between the host plants and the pest to which they are susceptible. Adjuvant – chemical additives that improve the performance of a pesticide with which they are combined. Pheromone – communication among insects that occurs through chemical cues.

Chapter 6: Plant Pests and Their Control OBJECTIVES: List and define the Biological Science branches related to plant pests. Describe the anatomical features of insects. Define words associated with plant diseases. Define a weed. Define terms associated with pest control.