The utilisation of drugs (medicines) is reflected and described in the Pharmaceutical Consumption Statistics. JAMASOFT2017

There is a link (causal feedback) (statistically significant and positive relationship) Between the level of pharmaceutical consumption and health statistics (life expectancy). JAMASOFT2017

Using Drug Consumption Data Estimate of Disease Prevalence JAMASOFT2017

Pharmaceutical consumption by DDDs. according to the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification ATC/Defined Daily Dose (DDD) system JAMASOFT2017

Definition Defined daily dose (DDD) is defined as the assumed average maintenance dose per day for a drug used on its main indication in adults. JAMASOFT2017

DDDs are assigned to each active ingredient(s) in a given therapeutic class by International Expert Consensus. For instance, the DDD for oral aspirin equals 3 grams, which is the assumed maintenance daily dose to treat pain in adults. DDDs do not necessarily reflect the average daily dose actually used in a given country. DDDs can be aggregated within and across therapeutic classes of the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification (ATC). JAMASOFT2017

The consumption of pharmaceuticals is increasing across OECD countries not only in terms of expenditure but also in terms of volume (or quantity) of drugs consumed. One of the factors contributing to the rise in pharmaceutical consumption is the ageing of the population, which leads to growing demand for drugs to treat or at least control different ageing-related diseases. JAMASOFT2017

The trend rise in pharmaceutical consumption is also observed in countries where the population ageing process is less advanced, indicating that other factors such as physicians’ prescription habits or the degree of cost-sharing with patients also play a role. JAMASOFT2017

Pharmaceutical consumption has a positive and statistically significant effect on remaining life expectancy at age 40 and 60 years, although the effect on life expectancy at birth is small and not significant. JAMASOFT2017

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IMS Health is the world’s leading provider of market intelligence to the pharmaceutical and healthcare industries. JAMASOFT2017

of the company was Intercontinental Medical Statistics The original name of the company was Intercontinental Medical Statistics JAMASOFT2017

IMS was founded in 1954. JAMASOFT2017

IMS is a healthcare informatics organization with a global presence in over 100 countries. JAMASOFT2017

IMS Health serves leading decision makers in health care, including pharmaceutical manufacturers and distributors, providers, payers, government agencies, policymakers, researchers and the financial community. JAMASOFT2017

trends and perspectives IMS applies leading-edge technologies to transform billions of pharmaceutical transactions collected from thousands of sources into strategic insights. Interpreted and analyzed by IMS experts, these insights are an unmatched source of trends and perspectives about the pharmaceutical marketplace – precise market intelligence that can be translated into action. JAMASOFT2017

Virtually every major pharmaceutical company is a client of IMS along with professional services firms, the financial community, government and regulatory agencies, and agencies, researchers and educators. JAMASOFT2017

IMS tracks over 1 million pharmaceutical products, capturing 70% of all prescriptions worldwide and also provides market research and consulting services to the healthcare industry. JAMASOFT2017

In addition to its presence as a global leader of knowledge regarding pharmaceutical products, IMS also has extensive patient and physician-level data to examine health care utilization and expenditures. JAMASOFT2017

The company draws on its global technology infrastructure and unique combination of in-depth, sophisticated analytics, on-shore and off-shore commercial services, and consulting platforms to help clients better understand the performance and value of medicines. JAMASOFT2017

Data Sources IMS processes billions of healthcare transactions each year, covering every major world market. The company receives data from more than 139,000 data suppliers covering 730,000 individual dispensing sites, worldwide. JAMASOFT2017

Data sources include drug manufacturers, wholesalers, retail pharmacies, hospitals, long-term care facilities and healthcare professionals. JAMASOFT2017

The world’s largest pharmaceutical databases provide a view into: Physician prescribing patterns and brand preferences, Healthcare classes of trade, including hospitals, pharmacies, physicians’ offices, nursing homes and alternate care sites, Benchmarks and measurements within therapeutic categories, Prescription drugs and third-party reimbursement profiles, Profiles and trends of diagnoses, best practices, and treatment patterns, Promotional campaign mix and effectiveness in the professional and consumer areas, Modeling, measuring and benchmarking techniques for the ambulatory treatment area, Global healthcare issues. JAMASOFT2017

High priority areas include: - Drug Utilization Trends and Expenditures, Analysis of national trends in prescription drug utilization and office-based care, Examination of adoption of new therapies among patient and physician subpopulations, Evaluation of prescription use and expenditures and factors that influence these trends. JAMASOFT2017

Moreover: • Geographic Variations in Care Examination of geographic variations in treatments, costs and outcomes Ecologic studies examining how geographic variation in prescription use (e.g., antibiotics) is associated with specific outcomes (e.g., antimicrobial resistance) is reflected. JAMASOFT2017

Moreover: • Real-world practice Analysis of association between patient, physician, and health system characteristics and practice patterns Establishment of best practices and quality metrics for specific conditions or populations, including for preventive care and screening Utilization trends and costs in specific medical areas, such as oncology, cardiovascular disease or rare diseases where orphan drugs or specialty drugs are used, Investigations of socioeconomic, racial, or ethnic disparities in processes or outcomes of care. JAMASOFT2017

IMS DATA ASSETS Some of IMS Health’s core assets are described below. Other data are also available to address a broad range of research questions (e.g., information on drug development; data examining specialty and biologic therapies; electronic medical record data). Access further information about key IMS data assets by visiting the website. JAMASOFT2017

IMS DATA ASSET National Prescription Audit™ Provides weekly and monthly analyses of prescription activity for all products, reflecting what the pharmacist dispenses to the consumer, stratification by some patient and physician characteristics possible. JAMASOFT2017

Xponent™ Provides comprehensive prescriber data based on actual prescription activity within the retail, mail service, long-term care, and specialty retail markets, projects prescriptions generated across all prescription channels, payment types (cash) and product level for more than 800,000 prescribers monthly . JAMASOFT2017

National Disease and Therapeutic Index™ Provides data from nationally representative audit of office-based physicians; focus on patterns of treatment and disease. JAMASOFT2017

Supporting the Lifecycle of Medicinal Products IMS stands ready to help throughout the development life cycle — from the assessment of market potential in pre-launch stages through the intricacies of product launch and, finally, through that transition period when clients must consider new options for products long on the market. JAMASOFT2017

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There are a lot of variations across countries in the consumption of drugs for the treatment. JAMASOFT2017

The consumption of antibiotics varies from a low of 9 DDDs per 1 000 people per day in Switzerland to a high of 32 in Greece. JAMASOFT2017

As over-consumption of antibiotics has been acknowledged to create bacterial resistance, many countries have launched in recent years information campaigns targeting physicians and/or patients in order to reduce antibiotic consumption. As a result, consumption has stabilised in many countries and even decreased in some others (such as France, -Portugal and the Slovak Republic). By contrast, -consumption has risen between 2000 and 2007 in -countries that had below-average initial levels of -consumption (such as Denmark and Ireland). JAMASOFT2017

Thanks for your attention. JAMASOFT2017