MULTIPLE INTELLIGENCES How to implement Gardner’s theory in the classroom

In 1983 Gardner developed a theory which proposed 8 different intelligences to account for a greater range of human potential in adults and children

Intelligences Linguistic (“word smart”) Logical-mathematical (“numbering/reasoning smart”) Spatial (“picture smart”) Bodily-kinesthetic (“body smart”)

Intelligences- con’t. Musical (“music smart”) Interpersonal (“people smart”) Intrapersonal (“self-smart”) Naturalistic (“nature smart”)

Applying MI in the classroom The application of the MI theory suggests “a need for active, authentic, problem-based approaches and performance based real world assessments” (Kallenbech & Viens, 2002). The theory supports a learner’s self-direction (Gardner, 1983). MI’s application in the classroom gives students a great responsibility in the identification of their learning goal, and greater choice in demonstrating their knowledge.

Critics of MI Theory multiple intelligence theory doesn’t encourage educators to teach core knowledge (E.D. Hirsch Jr.) Not well defined Abilities that have always been acknowledged by educators & psychologists Not well defined Number of intelligences will continue to increase

Critics of MI Theory- Con’t. Advocates of Psychometric evaluation: Most psychiatrists concluded that there is such a thing as “general intelligence” & all of us do differ in intelligence. This intelligence can be measured. Musical ability & bodily-kinesthetic represents individual talent or aptitude rather than intelligence.

Benefits of using MI in the classroom Pupils who perform poorly on traditional tests are turned on to learning when classroom experiences incorporate artistic, athletic, & musical activities. Students will be able to share their strengths, which increases motivation, which then increases self esteem.

Benefits of MI in the classroom-con’t. Parents and community involvement increases. You may come to regard intellectual ability more broadly. Teaching with a real life purpose. You will provide opportunities for authentic learning based upon your students’ needs.

How can applying the MI theory help students learn better?

References Armstrong, Thomas. Multiple Intelligences in the Classroom. Alexandria, VA: Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development, 1994. Armstrong, Thomas. 7 Kinds of Smart: Identifying and Developing Your Many Intelligences, New York: Plume, 1993. Armstrong, Thomas. In Their Own Way: Discovering and Encouraging Your Child's Personal Learning Style, New York: Tarcher/Putnam, 1987 Armstrong, Thomas. "Multiple Intelligences: Seven Ways to Approach Curriculum," Educational Leadership, November, 1994. Gardner, Howard. Frames of Mind: The Theory of Multiple Intelligences. New York: Basic,1983 Gardner, Howard. Multiple Intelligences: The Theory in Practice. New York: Basic, 1993.