3rd Declension Adjectives

Finding the stem Of a noun The dictionary entry of a noun includes two spellings of the word and a gender. The stem of the noun comes from the second form (the gentive singular form) without its genitive singular ending. Examples: casa, casae (f) hut fumus, fumi (m) smoke arbor, arboris (f) tree urbs, urbis (f) city Of an adjective The dictionary entry of an adjective can have two or three spellings of the word. The stem of an adjective comes from the feminine (or genitive) form without its ending. miser, misera, miserum altus, alta, altum vester, vestra, vestrum

Adjective declensions The adjectives you have already seen were adjectives of 1st and 2nd declensions They have 3 principal parts: Masculine nominative singular (decline using 2nd masculine declension endings) Feminine nominative singular (decline using 1st declension endings) Neuter nominative singular (decline using 2nd neuter declension endings) Now you will see 3rd declension adjectives, which might have 3 principal parts, such as celeber, celebris, celebre 2 principal parts, such as gravis, grave OR 2 principal parts, such as diligens, diligentis 3rd declension adjectives don’t look alike, or do they?

Adjectives of three terminations What does TERMINATION mean? Don’t worry, termination just means how many nominative singular ENDINGS the adjective has. celeber, celebris, celebre has three terminations or a nominative for each gender (masc, fem, neut) Remember that the stem of an adjective comes from the feminine nominative singular form minus the nominative singular ending (celebris -- -is = celebr-) celeber celebris celebre

Declining an adjective of three terminations Famous pirate celeber pirata celebres piratae celebris piratae celebrium piratarum celebri piratae celebribus piratis celebrem piratae celebres piratas celebri pirata celebribus piratis Famous building celebre aedificium celebria aedificia celebris aedificii celebrium aedificiorum celebri aedificio celebribus aedificiis celebre aedificium celebria aedificia

Adjectives of two terminations gravis, grave has two terminations or nominative singular forms. gravis is nominative singular masculine and feminine grave is nominative singular neuter Remember that the stem comes from the feminine nominative singular form minus the nominative singular ending (gravis – is = grav-) grave gravis

Declining Adjectives of two terminations Serious wound Singular Plural grave vulnus gravia vulnera gravis vulneris gravium vulnerum gravi vulneri gravibus vulneribus gravi vulnere gravibus vulneribus Serious girl Singular Plural gravis puella graves puellae gravis puellae gravium puellarum gravi puellae gravibus puellis gravem puellam graves puellas gravi puella gravibus puellis

Adjectives of one termination Diligens, diligentis Although it has two forms, they are NOT both nominative. The first principal part diligens is nomnative singular for ALL genders-masculine, feminine, and neuter. Remember that termination means how many nominative singular forms are given? The second principal part diligentis is the genitive singular for all genders-masculine, feminine, and neuter. The principal parts (nom, gen) resemble those of a noun so the base comes from the genitive form minus the genitive singular ending diligentis -- -is = diligent- Diligens

Declining Adjectives of one terminations careful woman Singular Plural diligens femina diligentes feminae diligentis feminae diligentium feminarum diligenti feminae diligentibus feminis diligentem feminam diligentes feminas diligenti femina diligentibus feminis careful plan Singular Plural diligens concilium diligentia concilia diligentis concilii diligentium conciliorum diligenti concilio diligentibus conciliis diligenti concilio diligentibus conciliis