INC 161 , CPE 100 Computer Programming Lecturer Associate Prof. Dr. Poj Tangamchit

About the Instructor Office: CB40603 (CB4 6th floor) Control System and Instrumentation Eng. (INC) Tel: x-9094 E-mail: poj.tan@kmutt.ac.th Research Interest: Robotics, Artificial Intelligence (AI)

Course Details 3 Credits 2 credits Lecture + 1 credits Practice Class time 4 hours / week 2 hours lecture + 2 hours lab Review + Homework 6-12 hours/week Teaching Style = Self Lecture + Practice

Scoring & Grading Midterm Exam 40% Final Exam 40% Homework 15% In-class attendance 5 % Grading follows the faculty of Engineering’s standard procedure.

Homework & Assignment Homework takes time. Allocate 6-12 hours each week for it. Students need self-practice outside class time.

Copy of Homework (Plagiarism) Students should do their homework separately. If two or more students have similar homework, they will get homework score = -100%, no matter who is the original. Program codes will be checked by INC-MOSS (Measure Of Software Similarity developed by INC) This is our standard used for judge copying.

Textbooks Schaum's Outline of Programming with C, 2nd Edition By Byron S. Gottfried ISBN-139780070240353

Class Webpage http://www.inc.eng.kmutt.ac.th/inc161 Announcement Lecture Slides Facebook discussion group https://www.facebook.com/groups/138077300115052/

What is a computer? Computer = Data Processing Machine

Why computers are important? Document Processing High-Tech Machine Control Mobile Embedded Devices

Computer Specification

HDD, Ram, Cache are data storage CPU is data processing unit Hard disk Ram Cache CPU

What is inside RAM?

Real World representation of data ‘0’ is represented by voltage 0 volts ‘1’ is represented by voltage 5 volts (TTL level)

How much data? 1 bit = 1 unit of data (can be represent as ‘0’ or ‘1’) 1 byte = 8 bit 1 kilobyte = 1024 bytes 1 megabyte = 1024 kilobytes

‘0’ and ‘1’ can represent everything Number - 33, 55, 1.2332 Word, Sentence - .txt .doc Picture - .jpg .bmp Video - .mpg .avi Sound - .wav .mp3

Functionality of the CPU Command 001101110101 Input 0011010101 0101010000 1001010101 0101010001 0101010110 0010101000 Output CPU 001101110101 010101011000

The purpose of this course Know how to give commands to the CPU to make it work as we want. CPU 0011010101 0101010000 1001010101 0101010001 0101010110 0010101000 001101110101 010101011000 Input Output Command

Machine Language(Code) for 32-bit OS 32 digits Add - 01010010010100100101001001010010 Subtract- 11010110110100100101001001010111 Multiply- 00010110100100100100001001010000 Division- 10010010110100100101001000010001 :

Hard to remember? Suppose we want to command the CPU Add Add Subtract Multiply What is the code?

Compiler Compiler translates a language to machine code. 010101000010010101010010001010101010010101010100001010010010100 Add Subtract Compiler

Computer Programming Languages Three types of programming languages Machine code or machine languages A sequence of 0’s and 1’s giving machine specific instructions Example: 00011001 2. Assembly language Using meaningful symbols to represent machine code. Example: add hl,de Assembler: Assembly code  machine code Disassembler: machine code  assembly code

Computer Programming Languages 3. High-level languages Similar to everyday English and use mathematical notations (processed by compilers or interpreters) Example of a C statement: a = a + 8;

Computer Programming Languages 3. High-level languages Similar to everyday English and use mathematical notations (processed by compilers or interpreters) Example of a C statement: a = a + 8;

Comparison of High-Level Language with Machine Code and Assembly Code The memory addresses, machine code, and assembly code corresponding to a C statement a = a + 8 for the Rabbit 3000 8-bit microprocessor. Memory address Machine code Assembly code ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 0X1EA1 000100010000100000000000 ld de,0x0008 0X1EA4 1100010000000000 ld hl,(sp+0) 0X1EA6 00011001 add hl,de 0X1EA7 1101010000000000 ld (sp+0),hl

Topics CPU Expression Operation Data type: int float char Flow Control if for while Function Data type: int float char Array Pointer Structure CPU 0011010101 0101010000 1001010101 0101010001 0101010110 0010101000 001101110101 010101011000 Input Output Command

How can we give commands to a computer? By running the program .exe = executable program .txt = text file .jpg = pictures .avi = audio+video file

C Programming Language

Command Compiler translates a language to machine code. 010101000010010101010010001010101010010101010100001010010010100 Add Subtract Compiler Learn this format

C Program Structure main () { } Put commands in here

Variable Declaration We can define a part of memory to store data. We can give a name to it. Later, we can refer to it by this name. However, a name must not be reserved words.

int = integer float = floating point char = character Follow with variable name e.g. int a; (Every command in C must end with semi-colon)

Sample Program main () { int i; float val; char ww; }

Inside Memory 001111111 ww 00110000 val 00000000 i Cache, Ram, HDD

Reserved Words

Comments Comments of a C program can be enclosed within a pair of delimiters /* and */. The symbol // will comment out a subsequent text terminated at the end of a line. /* This is a comment */ /* This is a comment across multiple lines */ printf(”Hello, world\n”); // This is a comment (terminated at the end of line)